30 Questions
What is the primary function of the lysosome?
Debris degradation and contents recycling
What is the role of the centrioles in the cell?
Involvement in the process of mitosis
What is the result of unchecked DNA damage in cells?
Disruption of embryonic development and increased risk of cancer
What is the primary function of the chloroplast's internal membrane system?
To facilitate the light-capturing reactions of photosynthesis
What is the function of the pars fibrosa in the nucleolus?
Transcription of newly synthesized ribosomal RNA
What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
To generate energy for the cell through cellular respiration
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?
Modification and storage of proteins and lipids
What is the primary function of the lysosomes in a cell?
To segregate harmful products from the rest of the cell
What is the function of the nucleolus in the nucleus?
Acting as a messenger to the DNA about cellular activity
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
To regulate the shape and fluidity of the cell
What is the primary function of the ribosomes in a cell?
To synthesize proteins
What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
To synthesize and transport proteins and lipids
What is the primary function of the peroxisome in the cell?
To protect the cell from toxic hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi body?
To break down foreign invaders such as bacteria
What is the consequence of uncontrolled release of lysosomal enzymes into the cytoplasm?
Cell death (necrosis)
Which of the following is a characteristic of lysosomal enzymes?
They work only at low pH levels
What is the name of the protein that is lacking in Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)?
Transporter protein
What is the primary function of the nucleolus in the cell?
To transcribe rRNA and assemble ribosomes
Which organelle is characterized by having many internal folds and being rich in enzyme systems vital to energy production?
Mitochondrion
What is the primary source of genetic material for mitochondrial DNA?
Maternal inheritance
What is the result of a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme responsible for breaking down fatty substances in Tay-Sachs disease?
Fat buildup on nerve cells
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of mitochondrial disease?
Increased muscle mass
What is the primary function of the three components of the cytoskeleton?
To enhance structural integrity and cell shape
Which of the following organs is NOT typically affected by mitochondrial disease?
Skin
What is the primary mechanism by which ions and small hydrophilic molecules pass through the membrane?
Simple diffusion through a water-filled pore
Which of the following molecules can pass through the membrane by simple diffusion?
Ammonia
What is the consequence of cell necrosis?
Cells swell and their contents leak out, leading to inflammation
What is the role of GLUT in cellular transport?
Transporting glucose through the membrane using the energy of ATP
What is the characteristic feature of chromatin in apoptotic cells?
It is degraded, showing a characteristic pattern
What is the fate of the cell fragments formed during apoptosis?
They are engulfed by macrophages and dendritic cells
Test your knowledge of the fundamental components of cells, including mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cell division. Learn about the structure and functions of cells, and how they relate to tissues and organs.
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