Cell Biology Basics Quiz

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What is the main characteristic of lipids?

Composed of hydrogen and carbon (correct)

High water solubility

Contain nitrogen region

Linear chains of amino acids

Which molecule is considered amphipathic in nature?

Steroids

Triacylglycerol

Phospholipids (correct)

Fatty acids

Who were the scientists credited with the discovery of the DNA double helix structure?

Francis Crick and Rosalind Franklin

James Watson and Francis Crick (correct)

James Watson and Rosalind Franklin

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

What is the main function of nucleic acids?

Transmitting genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of carbohydrates in the body?

Aid in energy production for cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of important organic molecules?

Enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of proteins?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur Signup and view all the answers

Which organic molecule category serves as the building blocks of proteins?

Amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds connect amino acids to form polypeptide chains?

Peptide bonds Signup and view all the answers

At which structural level do amino acids polymerize to form higher-level protein organization?

Primary structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic living unit of the body?

Cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the plasma membrane?

Signal transduction and communication Signup and view all the answers

What does the phospholipid bilayer consist of?

Double layer of phospholipid molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the plasma membrane interacts with phospholipids to determine membrane flexibility?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

What are integral membrane proteins known for?

Having hydrophobic regions within the plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What kind of charge does the 'hydrophilic head' of a phospholipid molecule have?

-ve charge Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Tamoxifen?

Acting as an estrogen receptor antagonist Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of an RNA nucleotide?

Deoxyribose sugar Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of transfer RNA (tRNA) during protein synthesis?

Bringing amino acids to ribosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific point where transcription begins on a DNA strand?

Promoter Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1999 for the discovery related to protein transport within cells?

Günter Blobel Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane for protein release from a cell?

Exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the latter stages of protein synthesis and sorting proteins for specific destinations?

Endoplasmic Reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

Energy production Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lysosomes in a cell?

Detoxification Signup and view all the answers

Which structure contains its own DNA and plays a vital role in respiration within a cell?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the centrosome in a cell?

Organization of microtubules Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins to be exported by the cell?