Cell Biology Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

  • Regulation of cell growth and reproduction
  • Storage of genetic material
  • Protein synthesis
  • Generation of energy for the cell through cellular respiration (correct)

    • What is the main function of the ribosomes?

  • Modification and packaging of proteins and lipids
  • Breakdown and recycling of cellular waste
  • Generation of energy for the cell
  • Site of protein synthesis (correct)

    • What is the primary function of the lysosomes?

  • Regulation of cell growth and reproduction
  • Generation of energy for the cell
  • Breakdown and recycling of cellular waste (correct)
  • Protein synthesis

    • What is the function of the centrioles?

    <p>Formation of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Modification and packaging of proteins and lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Provides structural support, shape, and movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Structure and Components

    • Plasma Membrane: Semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell, regulating what enters and leaves.
    • Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance inside the cell membrane, where metabolic processes occur.
    • Cytoskeleton: Network of protein filaments that provides structural support, shape, and movement.

    Organelles

    • Nucleus: Contains genetic material (DNA), regulates cell growth and reproduction.
    • Mitochondria: Generates energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
    • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Involved in protein synthesis, transport, and storage.
    • Ribosomes: Site of protein synthesis.
    • Golgi Apparatus: Modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
    • Lysosomes: Contains digestive enzymes, breaks down and recycles cellular waste.
    • Peroxisomes: Involved in fatty acid breakdown and amino acid metabolism.
    • Centrioles: Involved in formation of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers.

    Functions

    • Metabolism: Energy production, protein synthesis, and nutrient breakdown.
    • Growth and Reproduction: Cell division, DNA replication, and protein synthesis.
    • Response to Stimuli: Cellular signaling, response to hormones, and environmental stimuli.
    • Waste Management: Breakdown and recycling of cellular waste.

    Unique Features

    • Centrioles: Present in animal cells, but not in plant cells.
    • Lysosomes: More prominent in animal cells than in plant cells.
    • Cilia and Flagella: Present in some animal cells, involved in movement and sensation.

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    Description

    Learn the fundamental components and functions of a cell, including the plasma membrane, organelles, and cellular processes. Understand how cells grow, reproduce, and respond to stimuli.

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