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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Where is the DNA stored in eukaryotic cells?
What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?
How is the DNA structured in prokaryotic cells?
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What is the function of the cell membrane?
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Which organelle in plants is responsible for photosynthesis?
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Study Notes
- Cells are the basic units of life, too small to be seen with the naked eye, come in various shapes, but all have an outer covering and an interior filled with water and organelles.
- There are unicellular and multicellular organisms. Unicellular organisms, like bacteria, are composed of a single cell. Multicellular organisms, such as trees, animals, and humans, are composed of numerous cells.
- Prokaryotic cells, like bacteria, have their DNA dispersed throughout the cytoplasm rather than being enclosed in a nucleus. The cytoplasm contains organelles and the cell membrane provides structure and protection, allowing the entry of nutrients and the exit of waste.
- Eukaryotic cells, which make up multicellular organisms, have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane where the DNA is stored, and contain organelles throughout the cytoplasm.
- The nucleus directs the cell's function and is where the DNA, containing genetic information, is located. The nucleus also divides and grows in response to the number of cells in an organism. The cell membrane allows for nutrient intake and waste release and provides protection to the cell. The cytoplasm contains organelles, including the mitochondria, which produce energy for the cell, and the chloroplasts, which produce and store compounds necessary for the cell in plants through photosynthesis.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of cells, the basic structural and functional units of life. Learn about unicellular and multicellular organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as the role of key organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
