Cell Biology Basics
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Cell Biology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

  • Producing energy (correct)
  • Modifying proteins
  • Storing DNA
  • Protein synthesis
  • What is the term for the movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy expenditure?

  • Active transport
  • Passive transport (correct)
  • Osmosis
  • Diffusion and osmosis
  • Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Lysosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes (correct)
  • What is the term for the 'suicide' of a cell, resulting in its own death?

    <p>Apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and amino acids?

    <p>Peroxisomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Biology

    Cell Structure

    • Plasma Membrane: semi-permeable membrane that separates cell from environment
    • Cytoplasm: jelly-like substance inside cell where metabolic processes occur
    • Nucleus: control center of cell where DNA is stored
    • Mitochondria: energy-producing organelles
    • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): network of membranous tubules and cisternae involved in protein synthesis and transport
    • Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
    • Lysosomes: membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes
    • Golgi Apparatus: complex of flattened sacs and tubules involved in protein modification and secretion

    Cellular Processes

    • Metabolism: conversion of energy and nutrients into ATP
    • Photosynthesis: process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy
    • Cell Signaling: communication between cells through signaling molecules
    • Cell Division: process by which cells reproduce, including mitosis and meiosis
    • Apoptosis: programmed cell death, or cellular suicide

    Cellular Transport

    • Passive Transport: movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy expenditure
      • Diffusion: random movement of molecules
      • Osmosis: movement of water molecules through semi-permeable membrane
    • Active Transport: movement of molecules against concentration gradient using energy

    Cellular Organelles

    • Centrioles: involved in formation of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers
    • Chloroplasts: organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells
    • Peroxisomes: involved in breakdown of fatty acids and amino acids
    • Cytoskeleton: network of filaments providing structural support and shape to cell

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    Test your knowledge of cell structure, cellular processes, and cellular transport. Learn about the different organelles and their functions, and how cells work together.

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