Cell Biology and Genetics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following accurately describes the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Haploid cells have no chromosomes

Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as diploid cells (correct)

Haploid cells have the same number of chromosomes as diploid cells

Haploid cells have twice the number of chromosomes as diploid cells

What are genes and how are they expressed in an organism?

Genes are segments of RNA that code for proteins, and they are expressed through transcription and translation

Genes are segments of RNA that code for proteins, and they are expressed through replication and transcription

Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins, and they are expressed through transcription and translation (correct)

Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins, and they are expressed through replication and transcription

What is the correct order of the phases of the cell cycle?

M, G1, G2, S

S, G1, G2, M

G1, G2, S, M

G1, S, G2, M (correct)

When do sister chromatids separate in mitosis?

Anaphase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes a gene mutation?

A gene mutation is a change in the sequence of DNA that can result in a different protein being produced. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a proto-oncogene?

A proto-oncogene codes for a protein that regulates cell division and growth. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a tumor suppressor gene?

A tumor suppressor gene codes for a protein that inhibits cell division and promotes DNA repair. Signup and view all the answers

What is binary fission and in which type of organisms does it occur?

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes, where a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the phases of the cell cycle in order?

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase Signup and view all the answers

When is DNA replicated in the cell cycle?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

What does it take for a cell to pass the various cell checkpoints?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes an oncogene?

A gene that promotes cell division and can contribute to the development of cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an oncogene on cell division?

Promotes cell division Signup and view all the answers

How do oncogenes contribute to the development of cancer?

By promoting abnormal cell growth and division Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Biology

Haploid cells have a single set of chromosomes, while diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes.

Gene Expression

Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins or functional RNA molecules.
Gene expression involves the transcription of a gene into RNA and the translation of RNA into protein.

Cell Cycle

The correct order of the phases of the cell cycle is: Interphase (G1, S, G2) → Mitosis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) → Cytokinesis.
DNA replication occurs during the S phase of interphase.

Mitosis

Sister chromatids separate during Anaphase of mitosis.

Gene Mutation

A gene mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which can affect gene expression and protein function.

Cancer Biology

Proto-oncogenes are genes that have the potential to become oncogenes, which are genes that contribute to the development of cancer.
Tumor suppressor genes are genes that regulate cell growth and division, and their inactivation can contribute to the development of cancer.
Oncogenes are genes that promote cell division and contribute to the development of cancer.
The effect of an oncogene is to promote excessive cell division, which can lead to the development of cancer.

Cell Division

Binary fission is a type of cell division that occurs in some single-celled organisms, such as bacteria.

Cell Checkpoints

For a cell to pass through the various cell checkpoints, it must meet certain criteria, such as proper DNA replication and repair, to ensure that the cell is healthy and ready to divide.

Oncogenes and Cancer

Oncogenes contribute to the development of cancer by promoting excessive cell division and disrupting normal cell growth and division regulation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cell biology and genetics with this quiz! Explore topics such as haploid and diploid cells, gene expression, cell cycle phases, DNA replication, mitosis, cell checkpoints, gene mutations, and proto-oncogenes. Challenge yourself and expand your understanding of these fundamental concepts.