Questions and Answers
What is the drug class of Cefaclor?
What is the pregnancy category of Cefaclor?
B
What therapeutic effects does Cefaclor have?
To treat ear infections, ampicillin-resistant strains, and certain gram-negative organisms.
What is the mode of action of Cefaclor?
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What are common side effects of Cefaclor?
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What adverse reactions can occur with Cefaclor?
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What contraindications are associated with Cefaclor?
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What are some drug interactions with Cefaclor?
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What lab interactions can Cefaclor cause?
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What are the pharmacokinetics of Cefaclor?
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What are the pharmacodynamics of Cefaclor?
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Study Notes
Cefaclor Overview
- Cefaclor is classified as a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
Pregnancy Safety
- Falls under Pregnancy Category B, indicating no proven risk to the fetus.
Therapeutic Uses
- Effective against ear infections and ampicillin-resistant strains.
- Targets specific gram-negative organisms: E. coli, Proteus, H. influenza.
- Treats gram-positive strains: Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. aureus.
- Used for respiratory, urinary, and skin infections alongside cefazolin.
Mechanism of Action
- Functions by inhibiting cell wall synthesis which leads to bacterial cell death; exhibits a bactericidal effect.
Common Side Effects
- Possible side effects include pruritus, headaches, vertigo, and weakness.
- Gastrointestinal reactions may occur: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and rash more commonly with cefazolin and cefaclor.
Adverse Reactions
- Risks of superinfections, particularly urticaria, can arise during treatment.
Contraindications
- Should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.
- Use with caution in individuals with penicillin hypersensitivity, renal disease, or during lactation.
Drug Interactions
- Probenecid may enhance the effects of cefazolin and cefaclor.
- Concurrent use with loop diuretics, aminoglycosides, colistin, or vancomycin can increase toxicity.
- Efficacy may be diminished when taken with tetracyclines or erythromycin.
Laboratory Interactions
- May elevate lab values including BUN, serum creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and bilirubin levels.
Pharmacokinetics
- Well absorbed when taken orally.
- Approximately 25% protein-bound.
- Metabolized within 0.5 to 1 hour.
- Excretion: 60-80% is eliminated unchanged through urine.
Pharmacodynamics
- Oral administration results in a rapid onset, peak effects occurring within 0.5 to 1 hour; duration of action remains unspecified.
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Test your knowledge about the drug Cefaclor with these flashcards. This quiz covers key aspects such as the drug class, pregnancy category, and its therapeutic effects. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike.
