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P.D. 1096: National Building Code of the Philippines

Chapter 9: Sanitation

• Potable water for human habitation must come from existing municipal or city waterworks, if available
• Sanitary sewage and neutralized industrial wastewater needs to be discharged into the nearest street sanitary sewer main
• This should be done per criteria from the Code on Sanitation and the National Pollution Control Commission.
• Rainwater drainage is not to be discharged into the sanitary sewer system
• Buildings must have adequate provisions for draining low areas and premises
• All buildings with hollow or wood construction must have rat proofing
• Garbage bins/receptacles are to have cleaning means and protection from pests
• Dining rooms for public use, without artificial ventilation, must be properly screened
• Industrial establishments needs to have noise abatement devices to tone down equipment noise as defined by the Department of Labor and the National Pollution Control Commission
• All pipe materials used in buildings are to conform to the Standard Specifications of the Philippine Standard Council.

Chapter 10: Building Projection Over Public Streets

• Footings at least 2.40 meters below grade along roads or highways may project 300 millimeters beyond property line
• Foundations may encroach into public sidewalk areas, but not more than 500 millimeters
• The top of foundations must be at least 600 millimeters below the established grade
• Projections must not obstruct utilities, unless the owner reroutes said utilities
• Balconies clearance between the street/sidewalk grade and the lowest part of any balcony shall not be less than 3.00 meters
• Arcades must be constructed on sidewalks of streets if existing building and zoning regulations require
• The width/height of the arcade shall be uniform and no less than 3.00 meters above the sidewalk grade
• A canopy/marquee is a permanent roofed structure above a door, attached to and supported by the building that project over a wall or side walk with any object or decoration placed there on
• Horizontal Marquee Clearance between the outermost edge and the curb line is 300 millimeters
• Vertical Marquee Clearance between the ground line and the undersurface of any part the marquee is 3.00 meters
• An awning is a movable shelter supported by the building or wall and can retract, fold or collapse
• Horizontal Awning Clearance between the awning and curb line is 300 millimeters
• Vertical Awning Clearance between the surface of the awning and the pavement or ground line is 2.40 meters
• Retractable awnings cannot block any exit when closed
• Doors and windows less than 2.40 meters above pavement or groundline cannot project beyond the property line, except in the case of fire exit doors
• Corner buildings or solid fences less than 3.60 meters wide shall be truncated at a corner
• The face of the triangle made should be at right angles to the bisector of the intersection of the street lines
• The Secretary is to determine the size and form of the chaflan
• No chaflan is needed for arcaded buildings, notwithstanding the width of the public street or alley being less than 12.00 meters.

Chapter 12: General Design and Construction Requirements

• Buildings for construction must comply with regulations on material quality and properties, methods of design/construction, occupancy type, and classification.
• Items relating to structural design not mentioned are to conform to the National Structural Code of Buildings
• These are adopted and promulgated by the Board of Civil Engineering per Republic Act Number 544 (Civil Engineering Law)

Section 1207. Stairs, Exit, and Occupant Loads

• Each building or usable area must have at least one exit
• In all occupancies, floors above the first story having an occupant load of more than 10 must have at least two exists.
• Total width of exits is occupant load served divided by 165 (in meters)
• If only two exits are required, placing them at least one-fifth of the area's perimeter apart measured in a straight line between exits and the area
• No point in a building without sprinklers may be more than 45 meters from an exterior exit door, horizontal exit area, exit passageway, or staircase, along the line of travel
• Building with automatic fire extinguishing system may increase exit point distance to 60 meters

Section 1207. Stairs, Exit, and Occupant Loads - Doors

• Provisions apply to every exit door that serves area with occupant load over 10, or hazardous rooms/areas
• Exit doors must swing in direction of exit travel is area has hazardous materials or 50+ occupants
• Double acting doors cannot be used as exits serving 100+ occupant load since they are part of fire assembly, equipped with panic hardware.
• Every required exit doorway shall have a door installed that is at least 900 millimeters wide and at least 2.00 meters tall
• When installed in doorways, exit doors must open at least 90 degrees and be mounted so the clear width of the exitway is at least 700 millimeters
• No leaf of an exit door can go over 1.20 meters in width

Section 1207. Stairs, Exit, and Occupant Loads - Corridors

• Provisions apply to every corridor/exterior exit balcony serving as a required exit for 10+ occupant load
• Every corridor/exit balcony must be at least 1.10 meters in width
• Unobstructed corridors and exterior exit balconies are required
• Trim handrails and doors when fully opened cannot reduce the needed width by more than 200 millimeters
• Doors in any position is not to reduce required corridor width by more than one-half
• Dead ends are permitted in corridors/exterior exit balconies only when the dead end does not exceed 6 meters.

Section 1207. Stairs, Exit, and Occupant Loads - Stairways

• Stairs or ladders only used for equipment access are excluded; every stairway serving a building portion must meet requirements:
• Stairways serving 50+ occupant load cannot be less than 1.10 meters
• Stairways serving 50 or less occupant load may be 900 millimeters wide
• Private stairways serving less than 10 occupant may be 750 millimeters
• The width is not reduced by trim and handrails for more than 100 millimeters
• Every step cannot exceed of 200 millimeters with a run no less than 250 millimeters
• Winders may be used in Group A Occupancy and private stairways in Group B Occupancies if needed width of run at 300 millimeters from the stairway side
• The tread shall not be narrower than 150 millimeters at any point
• Circular stairs may be used as an exit if the width of run has a minimum of 250 millimeters and treads between landings has the same dimensions within 5 millimeter tolerance
• Stairways must have equal dimensions to the width of the stairway with a max of 1.20 meters when stairs are a straight run
• Landings cannot be reduced by 100 millimeters by a door when its fully open
• There is to be no more than 3.60 meters of vertical distance between landings
• A headroom clearance must be no less than 2.00 meters

Chapter 13: Electrical and Mechanical Regulation

• All electrical systems, equipment, and installations mentioned need to follow the Philippine Electrical Code.
• This needs to be adopted by the Board of Electrical Engineering pursuant to Republic Act No. 184 otherwise known as the Electrical Engineering Law
• All mechanical systems/equipment, and installations mentioned need to follow the Philippine Mechanical Engineering code.
• This needs to be adopted by the Board of Mechanical Engineering pursuant to Commonwealth Act No. 294 as amended, The Mechanical Engineering Law

Chapter 14: Photographic and X-Ray Film

• Storage rooms containing unexposed photographic/x-ray films must have auto fire extinguishing systems under these conditions:
  • If films in generally accepted safety shipping containers exceed 14.00 cubic meters combined
  • Shelving used for individual packages surpasses 1.40 cubic meters
  • If store is not in generally accepted safety shipping containers that is under 14 cubic meters

Chapter 15: Pre-Fabricated Construction

• A prefabricated assembly is a structural unit, the integral parts of which have been built up or assembled prior to incorporating it in the building
• The Secretary shall use special tests to determine structual adequacy, durability, and fire resistance
• Systems used to connect assemblies are to develop the strength of all members as an intergral structure except on a structural system
• Prefabricated assembiles placements must be inpected

Chapter 16: Plastics

• Approved plastic materials need a flame-spread rating of 225 or less and smoke density not greater than untreated wood under similar testing conditions accepted by engineering practices
• Products of combustion shouldn't be more toxic than the burning of untreated wood in similar conditions
• Plastics can be used as skylights installed on roofs of Types I, II or III constructions
• Buildings in Groups A, B, C, E, F, J, H-3 and H-4 Occupancies need an automatic fire- extinguishing system
  • Plastics accepted for fire venting per Building Official
  • Type II one-hour fire-resistive construction approved only if the skylights are more than 300 millimeters above the ceiling flange. The walls shall be no less fire-resistive
  • One-story buildings don't need a fire-resistive ceiling; approved plastics can be used

Section 1604. Skylights Installation and Allowable Areas

• Group A occupancies skylights cannot be within 3.00 meters of the property line
• Edges of skylights should be flashed correctly
• Plastic skylights is to be seperated laterally by 2.50 meters and 3.00 meters slope on the roof
• Individual skylights cannot be 10.00 square meters
• Plastics used in skylights, monitors, and sawtooth glazing cannot 20% of floor area of the sheltered rooms or occupancy

Chapter 17: Sheet Metal Paint Spray Booths

• Paint spray booths should use steel less than No. 18 U.S. gauge in thickness, designed under this Code
  • Paint area cannot go over 150 square meters nor 10% of the basic area by the Occupancy Group
  • Any spray booth that exceeds 1 square meter without doors, should have a fire curtain or metal deflector install at 100mm on the edge of booth opening

Chapter 18: Glass and Glazing

• Provisions apply to exterior glass & glazing for most occupancies up to only 3 floors
• Any place subject to human impact
• Glass thinner than 5.6 millimeters and longer than 1.20 meters will not be used in jalousies and louvered windows
• Glass edges must be smooth
• Impact load of glass set by Secretary must be conformed for these: Frameless glass doors, glass doors, and glass openings
• No less than 5.6 for wire infused glass, 4.8 millimeters for tempered, and 6.4 for laminate
• Not less than 450 millimeters above walking floor, 450 mm for smaller dimensions/1.5 square meters of glass

Chapter 20: Signs

• A sign or signboard cannot obstruct or confuse official traffic signs,signals, or control equipment
• Signs or signboards must not disrupt natural landscape, traffic or offend any aesthetic or cultural values

Section 2005. Projections and Clearances

• A sign must obstruct less light and ventalation that is required by the code. If a signs is in close proximity to the openings (1.50 meters or less) the signs must use non combustible materials. (approved plastics)
• The height of the signs must not protrude to the sidewalk or public alley if above 3 meters, and must not exceed 300 milimeters if above 3-4.5 meters The sign or sign structure must not project more than 1.00 meter into the public alley where the sign or sign structure is located more than 4.50 meters above established sidewalk grade.

Chapter 21: Transitory and Final Provision

• Existing buildings or structures built under older laws if legally done so are to be respected under code limitations
• Any alterations, additions, or repairs must follow the provisions of this Code
• All laws, decrees, charters provisions, and local ordinances conflict with this Decree are repealed, amended and modified

Chapter 7: Classification and General Requirement of All Buildings by Use or Occupancy

• Group A: Residential Dwellings
• Group B: Residentials like Hotels/Apartments
• Group C: Education and Recreation
• Group D: Insitutional
• Group E: Business and Mercantile
• Group F: Industrial
• Group G: Storage and Hazardous
• Group H: Assembly except Group I
• Group I: Assembly (1000+ Occupant Load
• Group J: Accessory

Section 705. Allowable Floor Areas

• A building must adjoin or have access to public space, or else yard/street access
• Adjacent property line the center of an adjoining street or alley may be regarded
• Eaves that have needed windows cannot be below 750 millimeters from the side and rear
• Exterior walls protect and are fire resistance as defined in requirements set to not exceed 1/3 of the distance between any vertical plane located by the fire resistance of opening is first required

Section 708. Minimum Requirements of Group A Dwellings

• Lot Occupancy and Location of Dwelling The building must be built on less than 90% of the lot
• It must be 2 meters from any property line and it must obey the laws regarding view and sun
• Lighting Requirements The building must have appropriate view access for all buildings under the building code in (805 -811)
• 1 set per building or space with appropriate washing (drainage) facilities
• Foundations must be enough to hold the load with 250 mill thick and 600 mill ground

Section 708. Minimum Requirements of Group A Dwellings - Cont.

• Wooden structure must support the loads specified in this Table 708 A
• (Annex B1) wooden footings must support straps and bolts of adequate size.
• First floor with living must be at least 200 kg per square meter and the floor about will be no less than 150
• Roof load must be at 120 kg per square meter for vertical projection.
• Stairwells, 750mm width, 200 max and 200 minimum

Section 708. Minimum Requirements of Group A Dwellings - Cont.

• Buildings must have an Entrance and exit
• Electrical installation under the Code
• Mechanical systems / construction under mechanical engineering code

Chapter 8: Light and Ventilation

• Civil Code of the Philippines and provision of said code
• All buildings need adequate lights
• All buildings will face alley, streets, avenue or private street
• Room must not be lower in a lighting standard for room under said code

Section 802. Measurement of Site Occupancy

• How much the is occupied.
• It should include and be outside of yards, light and wells
• Any feature of an outdoor feature cannot exceed these metrics
• The governing law used shall be The Zoning

Section 804. Size and Dimensions of Court

• Minimum height requirement determined by local ordinances
• But any court cannot be under or less than 2 meters or dimensions
• Inner rooms with an alley or street of at least 1.20m with door or passage

Section 805. Ceiling Heights

• Using Air Ventilation 2.40 from floor to ceiling 2.7, story building minimum, and the lowest part of building 2.10 headroom clearance
• Nature Air Vent - 2.7 min height
• Mezzanines floor must be 1.8 meters

Section 807. Size and Dimensions of Rooms

• Rooms for Human Habitations – 6.00 square meters (2meters least dimension)
• Kitchens is 3 with 1.50
• Bathrooms require 0.9 to 1.2

Section 808. Window Openings

• 10 per cent the area must exposed through wind to open waters avenue and ally

Section 809. Vent Shafts Requirements

• Must go across shaft on meter height but no shafts under 1
• No measure or under .6 meter
• Must have no shafts under given area

Section 810. Ventilation Skylight

• Glazing is required if not air vents of equivalency or 3/4 open vent

Section 811. Artificial Ventilation

• Office, Stores, Factories ,3 changes of air per hour
• Hotel, laundries ,10 change
• Assembly of People and other accommodations. It must supply 0.3 cubic mater of air per minute
• Dorms needs 0.45 cubic meter of air per minute

Presidential Decree (P.D.) 1096

• Is also know as the National Building Code of the Philppines
• The state safe guards wealth and well being of the public with sounds environmental management from damages from natural hazards
• Originated in February 19,1977
• It replaced R.A 6541

Scope and Application: P.D. 1096

• The code is designed to be about location, site, construction and maintenance
• Indigenous family dwellings as outlined
• Buildings constructed before said code are to be considered unless modified or altered. Under alterations only is where code considered

Section 205. Building Officials: Administration and Enforcement

• The Building Official is responsible for what said code stands for
• If the need arises he can request Secretary may request works district leaders/engineers
• Official can terminated unless law decree or other reason

Qualifications of Building Officials P.D. 1096

• Musts be citizenship in Philippines
• Professional accredited
• Must be of good moral character + experience

Section 207. Duties of a Building Official P.D. 1096

• His job is to enforce code, maintain regulation, ensure inspection of code and conditions
• Official may order the stopped work

Section 208. Fees P.D. 1096

• Building Officers must maintain list of permanent and accurate accounts of collected fees

Section 209. Exemption P.D. 1096

• Buildings must family dwellings less than 1500 square meters

Chapter 3. P.D 1096 - Permits and Inspection

• No person shall erect unless permitted with code officials or building officers
• Applicant should provide data in forms and description of coverage:Copy of TCT, Intended design 5 Sets, Engineer and Electrical Engineer need to sign if needed as well to prove construction

Section 304. Issuance of Building Permits

• building official has 15 days

Chapter 3 P.D. 1096, Section 305

• Void if work not permitted
• If there is no one year
• Work is is suspended for 120 days

Section 306. Non Issuance

• Building Official has many reasons and has right to deny such permit for: Specifications/errors of specs, if not valid the information or inaccurate
• Is is in full and in writing of his rejection or termination

Section 307 .Appeal P.D. 1096

• Appeal or if suspended 15 days the person should file with secretary

Section 308+309 P.D. 1096

• If this gets out of hand, person of the Building who is issued or granted a permit should engaged the of services from a licensed architect or civil engineer and get his opinion on the building design
• Must have occupancy certificate after you confirm regulations by Building Official 30 days after said construction

P.D 1096 Chapter 4

• Type I: wood is used
• Type II: some protective fir rated construction
• Type III: Masonry work + type 1
• Type IV: Steel, iron, concrete w/ some type 2
• Type V: Fir rated work, all type 4

Section 501. Fire Zones Defined

• What structures are allowed depending on their resistance

FIRE ZONES, Location of The Builds P.D. 1096

• 1/3 or more is said zone, higher restriction is said standard

Section 5.0: Build Moved

• Comply for fire building moved into

Section 601. Fire-Resistive Rating defined P.D. 1096

• Resistance to said material under accepted methods

What is Time Period?

• How long before Burned Hours/Months/Days

Fire Resist Material

• Combiniations or flame over testing by standards

Section 604. Fire-Resistive Regulations

• The Secretary wants to implement the construction methods, for the damages, tests and install window to protect structural members