14 Questions
What is the primary purpose of routing protocols like IGRP and STP?
To facilitate the exchange of routing information between routers
What is IGRP?
A routing protocol developed by Cisco
What is the maximum hop count in IGRP?
100
What are the metrics used by IGRP to calculate the best path?
Bandwidth, load, delay, reliability, MTU
What is the purpose of the route update timer in IGRP?
To send a complete copy of the routing table to all neighbors
What happens when a router doesn't receive an update about a network for 230 seconds?
The router sends an update to all neighbors about the network failure
What is the purpose of the hold-down timer in IGRP?
To store routing update tables for a certain time
How often does a router send a complete copy of the routing table to all neighbors in IGRP?
Every 90 seconds
What is the purpose of the route flush timer in IGRP?
To remove invalid routes from the routing table
What is the primary consideration when IGRP chooses a route based on bandwidth?
The route with the highest bandwidth is preferred
What is the function of a gateway in an IGRP scenario?
To act as a packet switch
What is the primary consideration when IGRP chooses a route based on load?
The route with the lowest load is preferred
What is the maximum number of routes that IGRP can find for a destination?
6
What is MTU in the context of IGRP?
Maximum Transmission Unit
Study Notes
Routing Protocols
- Routing protocols facilitate the exchange of routing information between routers.
- They are a set of processes, algorithms, and messages used to exchange routing information and populate the routing table with the best paths.
IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
- IGRP is a Cisco protocol designed to overcome the problems of RIP (Routing Information Protocol).
- It is a distance vector protocol that measures distance by the number of routers a packet has to pass (one router counts as one hop).
- IGRP is better than RIP because it has a maximum hop count of 100, resolving the problem of only 15 hops in RIP.
- It uses different metrics than RIP, including:
- Bandwidth
- Load
- Delay
- Reliability
- MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit)
IGRP Timers
- IGRP uses four types of timers to regulate its performance:
- Route update timer: 90 seconds, sends a complete copy of the routing table to all neighbors.
- Route invalid timer: 230 seconds, sends an update to all neighbors about network failure if no update is received.
- Hold-down timer: 630 seconds, holds the routing update table until a new update is received.
- Route flush timer: 280 seconds, removes routing information from the routing table and updates neighbors.
IGRP Metrics
- IGRP metrics are used to determine the best path:
- Bandwidth: prefers routes with higher bandwidth.
- Load: prefers routes with minimum load.
- Delay: prefers routes with lower delay.
- Reliability: can find up to 6 routes for the destination.
- MTU: determines the size of the largest protocol data unit.
IGRP Scenario
- IGRP is intended for use in gateways connecting several networks.
- Gateways act as packet switches, forwarding packets to the destination or another gateway.
- Gateways use routing tables to decide what to do with packets.
This quiz covers the basics of routing protocols, including IGRP and STP, used to facilitate the exchange of routing information between routers. Learn about the advantages and disadvantages of these protocols and how they are used in networking.
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