CC1 T1.1 Food Chemistry: Proteins Structure and Properties

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Questions and Answers

What are the functional properties of proteins?

Hydration, viscosity, gelation, texturation, emulsifying, and foaming properties

Explain the levels of protein structure.

Secondary and super secondary structures, domains, motifs, protein folding, and active site

What are the properties of carbohydrates?

Properties and reactions of all types of carbohydrates, types of isomerism, structural elucidation of mono and disaccharides, structure of homo and hetero polysaccharides

Discuss the classification and properties of edible fats and oils.

Physical and Chemical properties of fatty acids, liposomes, phospholipids, cholesterols, saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trans chain fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

Explain the structures of nucleotides.

Major bases - purines and pyrimidines, ribose and deoxyribose sugars, concept of nucleosides, types of DNA and RNA Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of lipid modulators?

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of gelation in proteins.

Gelation in proteins is the formation of a gel network when proteins interact and form a three-dimensional structure that immobilizes water. Signup and view all the answers

What are the major types of isomerism in carbohydrates? Provide an example for each type.

The major types of isomerism in carbohydrates are structural isomerism, stereoisomerism, and optical isomerism. An example of structural isomerism is glucose and fructose. Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the differences between saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds in their carbon chain, monounsaturated have one double bond, and polyunsaturated have multiple double bonds. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of nucleosides and provide examples of mono, di, and triphosphates.

Nucleosides are compounds formed by the combination of a nitrogenous base and a sugar. Examples include AMP (adenosine monophosphate), ADP (adenosine diphosphate), and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of a liposome and its significance.

A liposome is a spherical vesicle with a lipid bilayer. It is significant in drug delivery systems and as a model system for studying cell membranes. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the secondary and super secondary structures of proteins, and how they contribute to protein function.

Secondary structures include alpha helices and beta sheets, while super secondary structures are formed by the arrangement of these secondary structures. They are critical for protein folding and stability. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Proteins: Structure, Classification, and Properties

Native and denatured proteins are two main types of proteins
Separation and purity of proteins can be achieved through various methods
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, with 20 different types
Functional properties of proteins include hydration, viscosity, gelation, texturation, emulsifying, and foaming properties
Protein concentrate, isolate, hydrolysates, and hydrolyser are different forms of protein
Levels of protein structure include secondary and super secondary structures, domains, motifs, protein folding, and active site

Carbohydrates: Properties and Reactions

Carbohydrates can be classified into different types, including mono and disaccharides
Types of isomerism are important in carbohydrate chemistry
Glucose and fructose are examples of monosaccharides, while lactose and sucrose are examples of disaccharides
Homo and hetero polysaccharides have different structures and functions

Lipids: Classification and Properties

Edible fats and oils can be classified into different types based on their properties
Physical and Chemical properties of fatty acids are important in lipid chemistry
Liposomes, phospholipids, and cholesterols are different types of lipids
Saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and trans chain fatty acids have different properties and functions
Lipid modulators, such as Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes, play important roles in the body

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base
Purines and pyrimidines are the two main types of nitrogenous bases
Ribose and deoxyribose sugars are components of nucleotides
Nucleosides, such as mono, di, and triphosphates, are important in nucleic acid chemistry
DNA and RNA have different structures and functions, including primary and secondary structures, and organization in the cell

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Description

Test your knowledge on proteins including their structure, classification, and properties such as hydration, viscosity, gelation, emulsifying, and foaming properties. Explore topics like native and denatured proteins, chemistry of amino acids, and levels of protein structure.