Causes of Pancytopenia

What are the causes of hemolytic anemia?

Causes of hemolytic anemia can be due to infections (such as malaria), hereditary conditions (like hereditary spherocytosis), toxins, and autoimmune reactions.

What is the main enzyme deficiency associated with hemolytic anemia?

Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency is an example of an enzymatic defect associated with hemolytic anemia.

Name a genetic condition that can cause hemolytic anemia.

Hereditary spherocytosis is a genetic condition that can cause hemolytic anemia.

What are some symptoms of iron deficiency anemia?

Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia can include brittle nails, koilonychia, atrophy of the papillae of the tongue, and angular stomatitis. Signup and view all the answers

Name some investigations used to diagnose anemia.

Common investigations for anemia can include CBC (complete blood count), iron level tests, transferrin level tests, and hemoglobin level tests. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of erythropoietin in the production of red blood cells?

Erythropoietin is responsible for stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of anemia?

Decrease in number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of Haemoglobin in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification based on the cause of anemia?

Hypo proliferative (Resulting From Defective RBC Production), Haemorrhagic (Resulting from RBC Loss), Haemolytic Anaemia (Resulting From RBC Destruction) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of anemia based on morphology?

Microcytic Anemia, Macrocytic Anemia, Normocytic Anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of anemia that occurs as a result of iron deficiency or ineffective RBC production?

Microcytic Anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is characterized by abnormally large RBCs?

Macrocytic Anemia Signup and view all the answers

Name one cause of macrocytic anemia other than nutritional deficiency.

Drug toxicity (e.g., phenytoin), Liver Disease, Alcoholism, Hypothyroidism, Chronic Hemolytic Anemia, Leukemia, Gastric Bypass surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of Pancytopenia in Bone Marrow Failure?

Damage to the Stem Cells in Bone Marrow that are Responsible for Blood Cell Production Signup and view all the answers

What is Haemolysis?

The rupture or destruction of Red Blood Cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of administering Erythropoietin to patients with Bone Marrow Failure?

To stimulate the Bone Marrow to produce more RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason behind the development of Pancytopenia in Bone Marrow Failure?

Insufficient production of RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets by the damaged Stem Cells in Bone Marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Bone Marrow Transplantation in the treatment of Bone Marrow Failure?

To replace the damaged Stem Cells in the Bone Marrow with healthy ones Signup and view all the answers

What is the link between Sickle Cell Anaemia and Haemolytic Anaemia?

Sickle Cell Anaemia is a type of Haemolytic Anaemia Signup and view all the answers