Causes of Learning Disabilities

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of whole-part perception?

Children with poor memory and behavioral symptoms

Children with nutritional imbalances

Children with difficulty in assessing figure-ground relationships (correct)

Children with deficiency of perceptual abilities

Which factor significantly controls the functioning of the brain?

Perceptual modality

Whole-part perception

Biological factors (correct)

Overloading of perception

What are some examples of environmental factors that can contribute to neurological problems?

Deficiency of perceptual abilities

Trauma and substance use (correct)

Difficulty in assessing figure-ground relationships

Lack of nutrients and food allergies

Which category of factors includes neurological damages, complexity of pregnancy, and structural anomalies of specific brain areas?

Neurological Factors Signup and view all the answers

Identical twins are more prone to learning disabilities compared to non-identical twins. This statement supports which category of factors?

Genetic Factors Signup and view all the answers

Which category of factors alludes to problems or disturbances in the senses such as vision, hearing, touch, and kinaesthetic?

Perceptual Factors Signup and view all the answers

Which organization emphasizes the significance of addressing the learning differences of children in the school?

UNESCO Signup and view all the answers

From a sociological point of view, why is inclusive education justified?

To promote peace and harmony Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of conducting inclusive education over establishing specialized centers for training?

It is less expensive Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a method for assessing children with learning disabilities?

Standardized Testing Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maintaining a behavioral checklist of symptoms?

To screen in learning disabilities Signup and view all the answers

Which organization developed an SLD battery to screen children with learning disabilities?

NIMHANS, Bangalore Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about phonemes?

They are auditory impressions of sounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of automatization in reading?

To improve speed and accuracy in phonological decoding Signup and view all the answers

Which languages are examples of alphabetical language systems?

English and Hindi Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common difficulty faced by children with dyslexia?

Difficulties with spelling Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavioral symptom associated with dyslexia?

Confusion with tenses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of dyslexia?

Difficulties with punctuation Signup and view all the answers

What is advised when observing symptoms of dyslexia?

Following the three golden words Signup and view all the answers

Which task requires the child to remove a phoneme from a word and read the rest of the word?

Deletion Signup and view all the answers

Which task asks the child to invert two consonants or two vowels within a word?

Inversion Signup and view all the answers

Which category of children belong to the later years section?

Children who have been screened and given intervention but the interventions have not been effective in managing dyslexia. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the substitution task?

To replace an existing phoneme in a given word Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of dyslexia in the Pre-Primary years?

Difficulty in establishing manual preferences Signup and view all the answers

What is one manifestation of auditory confusion in dyslexic children?

Hearing 'b' as 'd' Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mistake made by dyslexic children during reading or writing?

Inserting/addition of extra words Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of dyslexic children in relation to time and space?

Difficulty in orientation to space and time Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension of dysgraphia is focused on the formation of letters and unsatisfactory handwriting?

Handwriting Signup and view all the answers

What are some common symptoms of dysgraphia related to written expressions?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive processes are involved in writing and can be affected in dysgraphia?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of dysgraphia in children?

Inconsistent letter sizing Signup and view all the answers

What is a common problem with handwriting in children with dysgraphia?

Loose holding of the pen/pencil Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of children with learning disabilities in terms of written expression?

Lack of vocabulary Signup and view all the answers

What is a common manifestation of dyslexia in relation to reading or writing?

Inability to maintain continuity in writing Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is associated with poor eye-hand coordination and poor reading skills?

Visual Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is associated with difficulty in eating and performing coordinated motor activities?

Kinaesthesia Signup and view all the answers

Which sense is associated with overreaction to noise or lack of awareness of sounds?

Auditory Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method involves using clay and other substances to create models and learn?

Tactile Teaching Methods Signup and view all the answers

Which learning style is characterized by being well-coordinated and competitive, and having poor handwriting and spelling?

Kinaesthetic Learners Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method includes using films/videos, pictures, charts, and posters to aid in teaching children with learning disabilities?

Visual Teaching Methods Signup and view all the answers

Which learning style is characterized by seeking a calm and quiet learning environment, being good at spelling but forgetting names, and being fascinated by colors and fashion?

Visual Learners Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight ways children learn and think, according to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?

Spatial-visual Signup and view all the answers

Which learning approach is NOT typically focused on in the education system in most schools?

Bodily-kinaesthetic Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching strategy is NOT associated with the visual-spatial learning approach?

Questioning Signup and view all the answers

Which learning approach is associated with activities such as singing and tapping feet and hands?

Musical-rhythmic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common problem with handwriting at different stages of life?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ability to understand what is being heard rather than what is being read?

Listening comprehension Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching method involves putting images in a row and asking the learner to identify the right image?

Find the image Signup and view all the answers

What is the most tangible of all the fundamental academic talents?

Writing Signup and view all the answers

Which method is recommended for improving word recognition in children?

Books with consistent phonics patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is one strategy for developing phonological awareness in children?

Counting the sounds in words Signup and view all the answers

Which skill is often undervalued but important for language development?

Listening Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended exercise for developing phonological awareness?

Removing a sound from a word Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for improving spelling according to the text?

Writing the word accurately from memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having children recite a word after visualizing it according to the text?

To test their memory of the word Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the mastery over a word according to the text?

Recalling the word with eyes closed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to poor letter formation in children?

Descending below the lines Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cursive handwriting that might confuse children?

The numerous letter formations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended activity for teaching handwriting?

Using a small, wet sponge on a chalkboard Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended technique for holding the pencil securely?

Using a large pencil or thick sketch pen Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is NOT recommended for improving comprehension skills in kids?

Asking students to summarise the story in their own words Signup and view all the answers

What is one strategy to create a writing community in the classroom?

Providing personal writing folders for each student Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to demonstrate the writing process to inspire students to write?

Demonstrating the writing process by thinking aloud Signup and view all the answers

What is one suggestion for assessing a student's writing proficiency?

Giving two marks for 'idea' and 'technical skill' Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following mathematical concepts does Ayan struggle with the most?

Place value Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that can contribute to Ayan's difficulty in writing and aligning numbers?

Lack of visual motor skills Signup and view all the answers

Which element of mathematics does Ayan need to improve in addition to calculations?

Reasoning Signup and view all the answers

Which method is recommended for teaching multiplication?

Using known multiplication facts Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching strategy is suggested for division?

Using the missing factor approach Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct definition of fractions?

The numerator denotes the total number of equal parts and the denominator denotes the number of special parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct method for solving the equation 16 - 9 = ()?

Add 1 and 6 Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is a recommended method for teaching children the concept of empty set (zero)?

Using examples of empty containers Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is a suggested method for teaching children to recognize numbers visually?

Using color cues Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is a recommended method for teaching children the concept of ordering numbers?

Having children identify the number that comes in between two given numbers Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is a suggested method for training children on word story problems?

Using word problems that are interesting and relevant to their experiences Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to persistent and impairing problems in acquiring and using the cultural symbols required for reading, writing, and arithmetic?

Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) Signup and view all the answers

According to the National Joint Committee for Learning Disabilities (NJCLD), which abilities are significantly affected by Specific Learning Disorder (SLD)?

Reading and writing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between learning disabilities (LD) and learning difficulties?

LD is a result of differences in processing information, while learning difficulties are a matter of intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of learning disabilities (LD) in relation to intelligence and motivation?

LD is not related to either intelligence or motivation Signup and view all the answers

Which abilities are commonly affected by learning disabilities (LD)?

Reading, mathematical, and writing abilities Signup and view all the answers

Which test was used to assess Deepesh's intellectual level?

Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) Signup and view all the answers

What were Deepesh's scores on the Diagnostic Test of Learning Disability (DTLD)?

77 out of 100 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writing exercise did Deepesh NOT participate in?

Writing from imagination Signup and view all the answers

Which task did the subject have the most difficulty with?

Writing from dictation Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the errors made by the subject while writing about his school?

Random capitalization of letters Signup and view all the answers

What could be a possible reason for the subject's difficulties in academic performance?

Poor auditory discrimination Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Whole-Part Perception and Brain Functioning

Whole-part perception is an example of neurological problems contributed by environmental factors.
The brain's functioning is significantly controlled by factors like neurological damages, complexity of pregnancy, and structural anomalies of specific brain areas.

Learning Disabilities and Identical Twins

Identical twins are more prone to learning disabilities compared to non-identical twins, supporting the category of genetic factors.

Categories of Factors

Environmental factors can contribute to neurological problems.
Genetic factors include neurological damages, complexity of pregnancy, and structural anomalies of specific brain areas.
Sensory factors allude to problems or disturbances in the senses like vision, hearing, touch, and kinaesthetic.

Inclusive Education

The organization that emphasizes the significance of addressing the learning differences of children in the school is not specified.
Inclusive education is justified from a sociological point of view because it recognizes diversity and promotes equality.
The main advantage of conducting inclusive education over establishing specialized centers for training is not specified.

Assessing Children with Learning Disabilities

A behavioral checklist of symptoms is maintained to identify and record the symptoms of learning disabilities.
The organization that developed an SLD battery to screen children with learning disabilities is not specified.

Reading and Dyslexia

Phonemes are units of sound in a word.
Automatization plays a crucial role in reading by enabling the reader to focus on comprehension.
Alphabetical language systems use symbols to represent sounds, examples include English, French, and Spanish.
Common difficulties faced by children with dyslexia include phonemic awareness, decoding, and fluency.
Behavioral symptoms associated with dyslexia include avoiding reading tasks, low self-esteem, and frustration.
Symptoms of dyslexia that are NOT common include poor eye-hand coordination and difficulty in eating.
When observing symptoms of dyslexia, it is advised to assess phonemic awareness, decoding, and comprehension skills.

Dysgraphia

Dysgraphia is focused on the formation of letters and unsatisfactory handwriting, affecting written expressions.
Common symptoms of dysgraphia include poor handwriting, spelling mistakes, and difficulty with writing tasks.
Cognitive processes involved in writing and affected in dysgraphia include visual-spatial skills, fine motor skills, and orthographic skills.
Key characteristics of dysgraphia in children include difficulty with letter formation, size, and spacing.

Learning Styles and Teaching Methods

The teaching method that involves using clay and other substances to create models and learn is not specified.
The learning style characterized by being well-coordinated and competitive, with poor handwriting and spelling, is kinesthetic.
The teaching method that includes using films/videos, pictures, charts, and posters to aid in teaching children with learning disabilities is visual.
The learning style characterized by seeking a calm and quiet learning environment, being good at spelling but forgetting names, and being fascinated by colors and fashion, is visual-spatial.

Multiple Intelligences and Learning Approaches

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, the eight ways children learn and think include linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence.
The learning approach that is NOT typically focused on in the education system in most schools is naturalistic intelligence.
The teaching strategy associated with the auditory-musical learning approach is singing and tapping feet and hands.

Mathematics and Written Expression

Poor letter formation in children can be contributed by factors like neurological damages, complexity of pregnancy, and structural anomalies of specific brain areas.
Common mistakes made by dyslexic children during reading or writing include phonemic awareness, decoding, and fluency errors.
Primary characteristics of dyslexic children in relation to time and space include difficulties with sequencing, organization, and time management.
The dimension of dysgraphia focused on the formation of letters and unsatisfactory handwriting is motor.
Common symptoms of dysgraphia related to written expressions include poor handwriting, spelling mistakes, and difficulty with writing tasks.
Cognitive processes involved in writing and affected in dysgraphia include visual-spatial skills, fine motor skills, and orthographic skills.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the causes of learning disabilities. Learn about the five categories of factors that contribute to learning disabilities, including neurological factors. Challenge yourself with this informative quiz!