Causes of Ischemic Heart Disease
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the primary cause of ischemic heart disease?

  • Coronary emboli
  • Myocardial vessel inflammation
  • Spasm
  • Obstructive atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries (correct)
  • Which of the following is a clinical presentation of ischemic heart disease?

  • Myocardial infarction
  • congestive heart failure w/ sudden death
  • Angina pectoris
  • All of the above (correct)
  • What is the most common type of angina?

  • Variant angina
  • Stable angina (correct)
  • Unstable angina
  • Prinzmetal angina
  • What is the main factor contributing to acute plaque change in ischemic heart disease?

    <p>Adrenergic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone of the myocardium is most susceptible to irreversible changes during prolonged ischemia?

    <p>Subendocardial zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gross appearance of a myocardial infarct within the first 12 hours?

    <p>no changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the microscopic features of a myocardial infarct in early 4 hours?

    <p>Early coagulation necrosis, edema, hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of ischemia on myocardial contractility?

    <p>Decrease in contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of angina is characterized by intermittent chest pain caused by transient, reversible myocardial ischemia?

    <p>Stable angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of ischemic heart disease?

    <p>Coronary artery occlusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the microscopic features of a myocardial infarct within the first 12 hours?

    <p>Coagulation necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone of the myocardium is most susceptible to irreversible changes during prolonged ischemia?

    <p>Endocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributes to acute plaque change in ischemic heart disease?

    <p>Adrenergic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of ischemia on myocardial contractility?

    <p>Loss of contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical presentation of unstable angina?

    <p>Increasingly frequent pain occurring at rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of angina is characterized by coronary artery spasm and can affect normal vessels?

    <p>Prinzmetal/variant angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gross appearance of a myocardial infarct within 12-24 hours?

    <p>Dark mottling (red-blue discoloration)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of angina is characterized by intermittent chest pain caused by transient, reversible myocardial ischemia?

    <p>Stable angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of pain in angina?

    <p>Release of adenosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of angina is characterized by increasingly frequent pain that occurs at rest?

    <p>Unstable angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of angina is caused by coronary artery spasm and can affect normal vessels?

    <p>Prinzmetal/variant angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor contributing to acute plaque change in ischemic heart disease?

    <p>Adrenergic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a microscopic feature of myocardial infarct in the early 4 hours?

    <p>Coagulation necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical presentation of 70% coronary artery occlusion?

    <p>Stable angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the microscopic features of a myocardial infarct within the first 12-24 hours?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical presentation of ischemic heart disease?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of angina is characterized by coronary artery spasm and can affect normal vessels?

    <p>Variant (Prinzmetal) angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most sensitive and specific marker for myocardial infarction?

    <p>B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a microscopic feature of a myocardial infarct within 7-14 days?

    <p>Granulation tissue at margins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of myocardial infarction?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for arrhythmias after myocardial infarction?

    <p>Reperfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a gross feature of a myocardial infarct within 3-7 days?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a gross feature of a myocardial infarct within 24-72 hours?

    <p>mottling with yellow-tan infarct center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a microscopic feature of a myocardial infarct within 2-8 weeks?

    <p>Increased collagen deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a gross feature of a myocardial infarct after 2 months?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a microscopic feature of a myocardial infarct within 24-72 hours?

    <p>Loss of myocyte nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for arrhythmias after myocardial infarction?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a gross feature of a myocardial infarct within 7-14 days?

    <p>Maximally yellow-tan and soft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a microscopic feature of a myocardial infarct within 2-8 weeks?

    <p>Gray-white scar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical presentation of myocardial infarction?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a microscopic feature of a myocardial infarct within 7-14 days?

    <p>Red-gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

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