Causes and Consequences of the Civil War

Questions and Answers

What did the Missouri Compromise allow?

Missouri to enter as a slave state

Maine to enter as a free state

Prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚30'

All of the above (correct)

What was Bleeding Kansas?

A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-slavery elements in Kansas-Nebraska Territory.

Who led the attempt to seize the Arsenal at Harpers Ferry?

John Brown

What does the term 'Gilded Age' refer to?

The late 1800s marked by great wealth and social problems. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Progressive Era?

A period of reform from the 1890s to 1920s focusing on social justice and individual rights. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jane Addams?

Founder of the Settlement House Movement and first American woman to earn a Nobel Peace Prize. Signup and view all the answers

What did Jacob Riis expose in his work 'How The Other Half Lives'?

The terrible conditions of tenement houses. Signup and view all the answers

What was Susan B. Anthony known for?

Campaigning for women's rights and temperance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Social Gospel movement?

A reform movement applying Christian principles to improve society. Signup and view all the answers

What does populism support?

The rights and powers of the common people. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Populist Party?

A U.S. political party formed in 1892 representing mainly farmers. Signup and view all the answers

Who was William Jennings Bryan?

A Populist leader and democratic candidate known for the 'Cross of Gold' speech. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are causes of the Civil War? (Select all that apply)

Abolitionist Movement Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of the Civil War? (Select all that apply)

Fourteenth Amendment Signup and view all the answers

Who was Dred Scott?

A black slave who sued for freedom after living on free soil. Signup and view all the answers

What was Abraham Lincoln's role during the Civil War?

16th President of the United States who saved the Union and emancipated the slaves. Signup and view all the answers

What did Andrew Johnson do?

He was the 17th President of the United States who succeeded Lincoln. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Dred Scott decision?

It stated that Dred Scott was not a citizen and had no rights. Signup and view all the answers

What was the mission of Frederick Douglass?

To advocate for the abolition of slavery and civil rights. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Robert E. Lee?

A Confederate general who opposed secession. Signup and view all the answers

What did the 13th Amendment accomplish?

It abolished slavery in the United States. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 14th Amendment guarantee?

It declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and guaranteed equal protection under the law. Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the 15th Amendment have?

It granted the right to vote regardless of race or previous condition of servitude. Signup and view all the answers

What are 'Black Codes'?

Laws designed to restrict the rights of newly freed black slaves. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Treaty of Versailles?

It ended World War I and imposed harsh penalties on Germany. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the New Deal?

To end the Great Depression through a series of reforms. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Homestead Act of 1862 do?

It provided 160 acres of public land to settlers willing to farm it for five years. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Black Tuesday?

It marked the day of the worst stock-market crash in American history. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Causes of the Civil War

Slavery was a central issue causing conflict between Northern and Southern states.
States' rights emphasized the belief that states had the authority to govern themselves without federal interference.
Territorial claims fueled disputes over whether new territories should permit slavery.
The abolitionist movement advocated for the end of slavery, increasing tension.
Significant regional differences in economy, culture, and ideology contributed to the divide.

Consequences of the Civil War

The Reconstruction era aimed to rebuild the South and integrate former slaves into society.
The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery in the U.S. in 1865.
The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed citizenship and equal protection under the law, notably for former slaves.
The Fifteenth Amendment granted African American men the right to vote.

Important Figures

Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom; the Supreme Court ruled he had no rights as a citizen.
Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President, led the nation during the Civil War and issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
Andrew Johnson, Lincoln's 17th President, faced challenges during Reconstruction.
Jefferson Davis served as President of the Confederate States.
Frederick Douglass was an influential abolitionist and former slave who advocated for civil rights.

Military Leaders

Ulysses S. Grant was a Union general who became the 18th President post-war.
Robert E. Lee was a Confederate general who opposed secession but fought for the South.
William T. Sherman implemented total warfare strategies, notably his infamous "March to the Sea."

Abolitionists and Activists

Harriet Tubman was a key figure in the Underground Railroad, leading slaves to freedom.
Sojourner Truth was known for her advocacy for both abolition and women's rights.
The Radical Republicans sought to punish Southern states following the Civil War.

The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments fundamentally restructured civil rights in America.
Jim Crow laws enforced racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine from 1876 to 1965.
Black Codes aimed to restrict the rights and freedoms of newly emancipated African Americans.

Post-War Economy and Society

Sharecropping emerged as a common agricultural practice in the South, often keeping black families in economic bondage.
The Reservation system confined Native Americans to specific areas, impacting their traditional ways of life.

Native American Policies

Westward expansion and the Dawes Act sought to assimilate Native Americans into American society.
Key events like the Wounded Knee and Sand Creek massacres exemplified the violent impacts of U.S. policies.

Industrialization and Economy

The Bessemer Process revolutionized steel production, contributing to rapid industrial growth.
Major industrialists like John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie shaped America's economic landscape.
The transcontinental railroad facilitated movement and trade across the U.S.

The Progressive Era focused on reform, emphasizing social justice and the fight against corruption.
Muckrakers highlighted issues in society, with figures like Upton Sinclair exposing horrific working conditions.

Significant Amendments

The 18th Amendment prohibited alcohol, while the 21st Amendment ended Prohibition.
The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote.

Global and Political Events

The Spanish-American War in 1898 led to U.S. involvement in overseas conflicts.
The League of Nations and the formation of the United Nations aimed to maintain global peace following the two World Wars.

Key Concepts and Policies

Big Stick Diplomacy and Dollar Diplomacy shaped U.S. foreign relations under Roosevelt and Taft, emphasizing military strength and economic influence.
Manifest Destiny drove American expansionist attitudes in the 19th century.

Economic Practices and Crises

Mass production and installment buying transformed consumer culture, while buying on margin led to the stock market crash of 1929, marking the start of the Great Depression.### Anthony
Prominent social reformer advocating for women's rights, temperance, and abolition of slavery.
Co-founded the National Woman Suffrage Association to promote women's voting rights.

Emerged in the late nineteenth century as a reform movement.
Aimed to enhance societal conditions by implementing Christian beliefs and ethical values.

Populism

Political doctrine centering on the empowerment of average citizens.
Focuses on addressing the disparities between common people and the privileged elite.

Populist Party

Established in 1892, primarily representing farmers’ interests.
Advocated for the free coinage of silver and regulation of railroads and monopolies to support agricultural economy.

William Bryan Jennings

Significant figure in the Populist movement and Democratic Party.
Renowned for the "Cross of Gold" speech which advocated for bimetallism.
Involved as a prosecutor in the infamous "Scopes Monkey Trial," highlighting the tension between science and religion in education.

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Description

Explore the key causes and consequences of the Civil War, including the issues of slavery, states' rights, and significant amendments that shaped the post-war era. Learn about the influential figures and movements that played a role in this pivotal chapter of American history. Test your knowledge on the events and transformations that followed this conflict.