Cause-and-Effect Diagram (Ishikawa/Fishbone)

______ is a graph used to study how a process changes over time.

Comparing current data to historical control limits leads to conclusions about whether the process variation is consistent (in control) or is unpredictable (out of control, affected by special causes of variation). When to use a ______?

______ is a horizontal line expressing the ideal standard on a Control Chart.

______ is a horizontal line above the Center Line on a Control Chart that represents acceptable levels of deviation from the ideal standard.

In a histogram, data points are grouped into bins or buckets along the x-axis, with each bin represented by a vertical bar indicating the number of data points within that range. When to use a ______?

You want to see the shape of the data’s distribution, especially when determining whether the output of a process is distributed approximately normally. Analyzing whether a process can meet the customer’s requirements. Analyzing what the output from a supplier’s process looks like. Seeing whether a process change has occurred from one time period to another. Determining whether the outputs of two or more processes are different. You wish to communicate the distribution of data quickly and easily to others. When to use a ______?

______-AND-EFFECT DIAGRAM Also called Ishikawa or fishbone diagram.

Identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories.Creator: Kaoru Ishikawa When to use a ______ Diagram?

Each of the major causes (not less than two and normally not more than six) should be worded in a box and connected with the central spine by a line at an angle of about 70 degrees.Add subsidiary causes for each cause already entered.Each of these causes is placed at the end of a line which is drawn to connect with the line associated with the factor that it causes and parallel with either the main area line or the central ______.

A structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data.A generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.DEFECT CONCENTRATION ______

A check sheet is a structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data.This is a generic data collection and analysis tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes and is considered one of the seven basic quality ______.

When assessing potential risks or hazards in a project or operation.- To accelerate the thinking process when traditional ways of problem solving are time ______.