Cause and Effect

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Questions and Answers

What are some examples of infection/inflammation that can cause dystonia?

  • Malaria, yellow fever, and dengue fever
  • Viral encephalitis, encephalitis lethargica, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (correct)
  • Bacterial meningitis, Lyme disease, and strep throat
  • Tuberculosis, syphilis, and gonorrhea

Which drugs can cause dystonia?

  • Antibiotics, antihistamines, and antidepressants
  • NSAIDs, opioids, and benzodiazepines
  • Chemotherapy drugs, immunosuppressants, and steroids
  • Levodopa and dopamine agonists, neuroleptics, and anticonvulsants (correct)

What is an example of a toxic cause of dystonia?

  • Manganese (correct)
  • Nicotine
  • Methamphetamine
  • Alcohol

What is an example of a vascular cause of dystonia?

<p>Ischemia, hemorrhage, and arteriovenous malformation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a neoplastic cause of dystonia?

<p>Brain tumor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a brain injury that can cause dystonia?

<p>Brain surgery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a functional cause of dystonia?

<p>Conversion disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of perinatal brain injury that can cause dystonia?

<p>Dystonic cerebral palsy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infection/inflammation cause of dystonia is associated with HIV?

<p>Viral encephalitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug that can cause dystonia is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

<p>Levodopa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxic cause of dystonia is associated with exposure to industrial chemicals?

<p>Carbon disulfide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of brain injury can cause dystonia?

<p>Electrical injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of infection/inflammation that can cause dystonia?

<p>Viral encephalitis, encephalitis lethargica, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs can cause dystonia?

<p>Levodopa and dopamine agonists, neuroleptics, and anticonvulsants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a toxic cause of dystonia?

<p>Manganese (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a vascular cause of dystonia?

<p>Ischemia, hemorrhage, and arteriovenous malformation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a neoplastic cause of dystonia?

<p>Brain tumor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a brain injury that can cause dystonia?

<p>Brain surgery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a functional cause of dystonia?

<p>Conversion disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of perinatal brain injury that can cause dystonia?

<p>Dystonic cerebral palsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infection/inflammation cause of dystonia is associated with HIV?

<p>Viral encephalitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug that can cause dystonia is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

<p>Levodopa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxic cause of dystonia is associated with exposure to industrial chemicals?

<p>Carbon disulfide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of brain injury can cause dystonia?

<p>Electrical injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of dystonia?

<p>Drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of infection/inflammation that can cause dystonia?

<p>Malaria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is delayed-onset dystonia?

<p>Dystonia that develops later in life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a documented cause of dystonia related to brain injury?

<p>Ischemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs can cause dystonia?

<p>Anticonvulsants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a documented cause of dystonia related to toxic exposure?

<p>Lead (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a documented cause of dystonia related to vascular issues?

<p>Hemorrhage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a documented cause of dystonia related to brain injury?

<p>Viral encephalitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a documented cause of dystonia related to neoplastic issues?

<p>Brain tumor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a documented cause of dystonia related to infection/inflammation?

<p>Malaria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a documented cause of dystonia related to functional issues?

<p>Autoimmune causes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a documented cause of dystonia related to toxic exposure?

<p>Asbestos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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