Causal Correlation Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary distinction between induction and deduction?

  • Induction is concerned with theories, while deduction is concerned with data
  • Induction is moving from the general to the specific, while deduction is moving from the specific to the general
  • Induction is moving from the specific to the general, while deduction is moving from the general to the specific (correct)
  • Induction is a qualitative approach, while deduction is a quantitative approach

    • What is the purpose of generating predictions in a scientific study?

  • To refine a research question
  • To confirm the results of an experiment
  • To analyze the data collected
  • To test the accuracy of a theory (correct)

    • What type of variable is being measured in an experiment?

  • Control variable
  • Independent variable
  • Extraneous variable
  • Dependent variable (correct)

    • What is the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable?

    <p>The independent variable causes a change in the dependent variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a concrete noun?

    <p>DATA.WORLD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a theory in scientific inquiry?

    <p>To generate predictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of deduction in the scientific method?

    <p>To move from the general to the specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between data and theory in scientific inquiry?

    <p>Data confirms or disconfirms a theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of an abstraction?

    <p>It lacks physical manifestation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a concrete noun and an abstract concept?

    <p>Concrete nouns exist in reality, while abstract concepts do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a theory in scientific inquiry?

    <p>To explain a set of observed phenomena.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of an abstract concept?

    <p>It exists as an idea or feeling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a theory and a prediction?

    <p>A prediction is a test of a theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Causal Correlation and Prediction

    • Causal correlation refers to a poorly defined connection between two variables, which is explored through analyzing data.
    • There are two types of variables: independent and dependent variables.
    • Independent variable (x) is the element that causes a change, whereas dependent variable (y) is the element that changes in response to the independent variable.

    Variables and Relationships

    • A variable is an element, feature, or characteristic that varies and is subject to measurement.
    • The relationship between variables can be represented as y = f(x), where the dependent variable (y) changes in response to the independent variable (x).

    Theory and Prediction

    • A theory generates predictions, which can be confirmed or disconfirmed through data.
    • The data-world fit confirms or disconfirms the theory.

    Induction and Deduction

    • Induction involves moving from the specific to the general.
    • Deduction involves moving from the general to the specific.
    • Theory involves both deduction and induction.

    Concepts and Abstraction

    • All abstractions are concepts, but not all concepts are abstractions.

    Generalizations

    • A generalization is a concept based on common properties of things.

    Examples of Abstract Concepts

    • Education
    • Ethics
    • Adaptation
    • Digital
    • Infinity
    • Joy (human feeling)

    Characteristics of Abstractions

    • Abstractions are not physical entities and do not have physical manifestation.
    • Abstract concepts, such as joy, are real but do not exist in a physical sense when they are hidden.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of causal correlation concepts, including prediction, variables, and assumptions in engineering and technology.

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