Questions and Answers
Which research method is characterized by the absence of random assignment while still aiming to establish causal relationships?
What is a primary advantage of longitudinal studies over cross-sectional research?
In which research design is random assignment an essential component?
Which of the following methods is primarily used to determine prevalence in a population?
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What is a key characteristic of causal-comparative/ex post facto research?
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Which research method would be most appropriate for studying long-term developmental patterns?
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What is the primary reason for utilizing larger sample sizes in quantitative research?
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Which characteristic ensures that the results of quantitative research can be trusted over time?
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Which of the following is NOT a method for collecting quantitative data?
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Hypothesis testing in quantitative research primarily uses which type of reasoning?
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What type of data does quantitative research focus on collecting?
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When conducting quantitative research, standardized measurements are crucial for what reason?
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In what way does quantitative research typically differ from qualitative research?
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Which field could benefit from applications of quantitative research?
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What is a primary goal of descriptive research?
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Which type of research investigates the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them?
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In which field is quantitative research mainly employed for assessing the effectiveness of educational initiatives?
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What type of instruments are primarily used in quantitative research for data collection?
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Which statistical analysis method is typically used in correlational research?
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What is a main application of quantitative research in business and economics?
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Which statement about structured research instruments in quantitative research is accurate?
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What is a common misconception regarding correlational research?
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Study Notes
Causal-Comparative and Ex-post Facto Research
- Seeks to establish causal linkages through comparisons between groups experiencing different treatments or situations.
- Lacks random assignment, which differentiates it from experimental research.
Experimental Study
- A scientific method that alters one variable to observe its impact on another.
- Utilizes control groups, random assignment, and maintained conditions to demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships.
Quasi-Experimental Study
- Similar to experimental studies in intent but does not use random assignment.
- Relies on preexisting groups or situations for its analysis.
Longitudinal Study
- Involves repeated observation of the same variables over extended periods.
- Useful for studying developmental patterns and long-term outcomes.
Cross-Sectional Research
- Examines a sample at a single point in time.
- Provides a snapshot of a population or phenomenon, often used to determine prevalence and relationships.
Nature of Inquiry and Research
- Research is a systematic approach to gather and evaluate data aimed at understanding a subject.
- Three fundamental steps: posing a question, collecting data, presenting findings.
- The process includes six steps: identifying problems, reviewing literature, specifying purposes, collecting data, analyzing data, and reporting research.
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
- Objectivity and Reliability: Ensures objectivity through standardized measurements, enhancing reliability and trustworthiness of data.
- Quantifiable Data: Involves data that can be quantified and analyzed statistically; collected through surveys, tests, or structured observations.
- Big Sample Size: Generally requires larger sample sizes for findings to be generalized compared to qualitative research.
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Applications in Various Fields:
- Education: Quantifies student performance and assesses educational initiatives.
- Business and Economics: Provides data for market analysis, forecasts, and decision-making.
- Social Sciences: Investigates social phenomena, human behavior, and informs public policy using various methodologies.
Types of Quantitative Research
- Descriptive Research: Systematically collects data to provide detailed descriptions of specific phenomena or situations; uses surveys and observational methods.
- Correlational Research: Explores relationships between variables without manipulating them; identifies patterns, but does not establish causation.
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Description
Explore the concepts of causal-comparative and experimental research methods. This quiz will assess your understanding of how these methodologies are applied and their differences in establishing cause-and-effect relationships. Prepare to dive into the intricacies of research design!
