Cattle Chute and Ruminant Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the omasum in the ruminant digestive system?

Enzymatically breaks down proteins

Stores bile for fat digestion

Absorbs water from digested food

Removes bicarbonate to prevent pH changes (correct)

Where is the preferred site for intramuscular (IM) injections in ruminants?

Dorsal lumbar muscles

Pectoral muscles

Lateral cervical muscles (correct)

Bicep muscles

What characterizes traumatic reticulopericarditis, commonly known as hardware disease?

Inflammation of the omasum lining

Obstruction of the esophagus

Heavy objects penetrating the pericardium from the rumen (correct)

Accumulation of gas in the stomach

During blood collection from the tail in ruminants, what angle should the needle be inserted?

45-90 degree angle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for ensuring that the head of an animal is not elevated during stomach tube insertion?

To avoid aspiration of stomach contents Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein supplements should cattle not be fed to reduce the risk of Mad Cow Disease?

Mammalian-derived proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the California mastitis test?

To identify infections in specific udder quarters Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of heifers with subclinical mastitis?

No obvious symptoms of illness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary compartment where microbial digestion occurs in ruminants?

Rumen Signup and view all the answers

What method can confirm the placement of an orogastric tube in the rumen?

Listening with a stethoscope Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the reticulum in the rumination process?

Facilitates regurgitation of food. Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is rumenocentesis performed?

At the area with the most gas accumulation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct regarding the anatomy of male ruminants?

Males have a sigmoid flexure that complicates catheter passage. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'flanking' refer to in cattle handling?

Using the legs to guide the calf to the ground Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct dental formula for adult cattle?

2(I0/3, C0/1, PM3/3, M3/3) = 32 Signup and view all the answers

Where is the heart auscultated in cattle?

In the 4th and 5th intercostal space Signup and view all the answers

During which process is good blood drainage critical in a packinghouse?

Ensuring optimal meat coloration Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal frequency of eructation in cattle?

18 times per hour Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a tail tie in livestock handling?

To restrict movement of the hindquarters. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a normal vital sign range for bovines?

Temp: 100.4 F to 103.1 F Signup and view all the answers

For how long should food and water be withheld before placing a ruminant in lateral recumbency?

30 minutes, several hours Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cattle Chute and Ruminant Anatomy

A cattle chute with a completely open side is advantageous when an animal collapses.
Rumenal contractions are best auscultated on the left side of the bovine.
The point of the hip bilaterally forms hooks.
Bovine erythrocytes often have anisocytosis (this is normal).
Intramuscular (IM) injections are preferred in cattle due to lower scarring.
The path of feed through the ruminant stomach is rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum.
Cows should not be in a holding pen for longer than 2 hours before milking.
Proper blood drainage in the packinghouse is important for meat coloration.
The reticulum is responsible for regurgitating food during rumination.
The dental formula for cattle is 2(10/3 C0/1 PM3/3 M3/3) = 32.
The deciduous (baby teeth) formula for cattle is 2 (10/3, CO/1, PM3/3) = 20.
The quick release knot is the most common livestock restraint knot.
The most common leukocyte in bovine blood is lymphocytes.
Ruminant forestomach gas expulsion is called eructation.
Normal bovine vital signs: temperature 100.4°F to 103.1°F, heart rate 40-80 bpm, respiratory rate 10-30 bpm, mucous membranes should be pink and moist, and CRT (capillary refill time) should be 1-2 seconds.
The omasum is a stomach compartment with a layered structure (like leaves).
Males have a sigmoid flexure in the urethra, making urinary catheter placement more challenging.

Ruminant Physiology and Diseases

Fibrinogen is important for inflammation in ruminants.
Tail tie placement is distal to the last coccygeal vertebra.
Ruminants kept in lateral recumbency for over 30 minutes need food and water withheld to prevent regurgitation risks.
Microbial digestion happens mainly in the rumen and abomasum, with hydrochloric acid digestion taking place in the abomasum.
Ruminants can't create water-soluble vitamins.
Preventing mad cow's disease is important, so cattle should not eat mammalian proteins.
Alfalfa is a roughage that can cause bloat in ruminants when eaten.
Subclinical mastitis in heifers typically has no outward symptoms.
Proper placement of orogastric tubes can be determined by stethoscope use.
Cystocentesis can be performed on calves to collect urine.
The Nuchal ligament borders the lateral cervical triangle.
The California mastitis test detects infected udder quarters or halves.
Oral medication administration should tilt the head slightly upward for easy swallowing.
Rumenocentesis is done in the area of greatest tympany for sampling.
Large milk veins are not good for venipuncture.
Euthanized cattle can be sent for rendering.
Cattle have personal space(flight zone).
Cattle are placed in right lateral recumbency when casting.

Ruminant Anatomy and Procedures

Esophageal groove aids milk passage in calves to bypass rumen in early stages.
Bovine plasma is commonly yellow due to carotene.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cattle chute design and the anatomy of ruminants. This quiz covers important concepts such as the ruminant stomach, blood characteristics, and best practices for handling cattle. Perfect for veterinary students and livestock handlers!