Categorisation and Reasoning Module Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of categories that involves using classified objects to make predictions and select plans or actions?

  • Property Generalisation
  • Reasoning
  • Beliefs
  • Prediction (correct)
  • Which form of reasoning involves learning something new about a category member and using category knowledge for generalization?

  • Inductive Reasoning
  • Deductive Reasoning
  • Property Induction (correct)
  • Abductive Reasoning
  • Who is mentioned as a Federal Greens Politician in the text?

  • Austin
  • Bruner
  • Mehreen Faruqi (correct)
  • Aristotle
  • Which belief is attributed to Mehreen Faruqi?

    <p>Believes climate change is due to human activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common but incorrect view about mental representations of categories according to the text?

    <p>Categories are represented by defining features that are necessary and sufficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of cells are mentioned in the text in the context of property induction?

    <p>Beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Professor Brett Hayes' lectures 1-2?

    <p>Categorisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of deciding which category a novel item belongs to?

    <p>Classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which book is listed in the Readings for Categorisation 1-2?

    <p>The Big Book of Concepts by G.L. Murphy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text mention as being central to clinical diagnosis?

    <p>Categorisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text highlight as a function of categories?

    <p>Treating discriminably different things as equivalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reasoning is covered in Lecture 3 according to the text?

    <p>Inductive Reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle behind the Prototype Model?

    <p>Categories are represented by the central tendency of encountered instances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are categories encoded and stored in the Prototype Model?

    <p>By representing categories with the central tendency of instances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Prototype Model suggest for categorizing novel instances?

    <p>Basing categorization on the central tendency of stored prototypes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect do Prototype Models predict when it comes to typicality?

    <p>Typical instances will be classified more quickly than atypical instances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the Prototype Model, what role does the central tendency play during learning?

    <p>It abstracts the central features from encountered instances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the similarity function in the context of exemplar theory?

    <p>Exponential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to exemplar theory, what does low similarity to other dogs imply?

    <p>Small distortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of exemplar theory, what does a prototype represent?

    <p>Most similar item to other exemplars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does exemplar theory explain typicality and fuzzy boundaries?

    <p>Through small distortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the priming study conducted by Malt (1989) regarding the exemplar model predictions?

    <p>RT (Exemplar Prime) &lt; RT (Category Prime)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the exemplar model predict the response time in the context of mammal or reptile categorization?

    <p>MAMMAL PROTO for Exemplar Prime only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception of the classical view of mental representations of categories?

    <p>All category members are considered equal in typicality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the classical view criticized for its failure to specify defining features?

    <p>It is easy to define categories like 'triangle' but not categories like 'bird'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Eleanor Rosch's better metaphor of family resemblance, how are category members related?

    <p>Categories have a cluster of overlapping features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant aspect of the internal structure of categories according to the text?

    <p>Categories have fuzzy boundaries and graded typicality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do instances within a category often exhibit typicality effects?

    <p>Some instances are more typical due to shared defining features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the classical view differ from Eleanor Rosch's metaphor of family resemblance?

    <p>Categories in the classical view must share exact defining features</p> Signup and view all the answers

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