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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of a catalytic converter?
What is the main function of a catalytic converter?
- To trap toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas
- To convert toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas into less-toxic pollutants (correct)
- To release toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas unchanged
- To increase toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas
When were catalytic converters first widely introduced in the United States automobile market?
When were catalytic converters first widely introduced in the United States automobile market?
- 1975 (correct)
- 1960
- 1981
- 1990
What is the purpose of 'three-way' converters?
What is the purpose of 'three-way' converters?
- To reduce carbon dioxide and water emissions
- To trap carbon dioxide and water emissions
- To increase carbon monoxide (CO) emissions
- To reduce oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in addition to carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) (correct)
In addition to automobiles, where else are catalytic converters commonly used?
In addition to automobiles, where else are catalytic converters commonly used?
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Why are two-way converters still used on lean-burn engines?
Why are two-way converters still used on lean-burn engines?
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Study Notes
Catalytic Converter Functions
- Main function is to reduce harmful emissions from internal combustion engines by converting toxic gases into less harmful substances.
- Transforms carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides into carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor.
Introduction in the U.S. Market
- Catalytic converters were first widely introduced in the United States in the early 1970s, coinciding with stricter emissions regulations.
Purpose of 'Three-Way' Converters
- Designed to facilitate three types of reactions: oxidation of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons, and reduction of nitrogen oxides.
- Provide significant reduction in overall vehicle emissions, making them essential for compliance with environmental standards.
Additional Applications
- Commonly used in various industries including stationary engines, power generation units, and even some industrial processes to control emissions.
- Present in vehicles powered by alternative fuels, such as natural gas and biofuels.
Use of Two-Way Converters
- Still utilized on lean-burn engines due to their efficiency in oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons without needing to manage nitrogen oxides.
- Lean-burn engines operate with excess air, which can render three-way converters less effective.
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