other markets and investments chp 5

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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of cash deposits?

  • Guaranteed full repayment of the capital (correct)
  • Potential for capital growth
  • Variable return outcomes
  • Possibility of losing the capital

Which types of deposit accounts allow immediate withdrawal of funds?

  • Cryptocurrency accounts
  • Fixed-term accounts
  • Accounts with notice requirements
  • Instant access accounts (correct)

What determines the interest rate paid on cash deposits?

  • Account holder's credit score
  • Size of the deposit and investment term (correct)
  • Type of financial institution holding the deposit
  • Time required to withdraw funds

Which of the following is true about large deposits in cash accounts?

<p>They earn lower interest rates due to processing costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates cash deposits from other investments like equities and bonds?

<p>Interest income as the only return component (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some cash deposit accounts require notice before withdrawing funds?

<p>To prevent account holders from withdrawing their funds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a drawback of investing in cash deposits?

<p>Negative after-tax return due to inflation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk associated with depositing cash overseas?

<p>Lack of protection under a depositors' protection scheme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT contribute to the safety of cash investments?

<p>Fixed interest rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes cryptocurrency from fiat money?

<p>Decentralized network without central authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cryptoassets provides access to services and products?

<p>Utility tokens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key feature does Bitcoin utilize to create a decentralized network?

<p>Blockchain technology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Fiat currency' refers to money that:

<p>Cannot be converted into gold or any other type of asset (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did goldsmiths play in the history of money?

<p>Storing gold coins for customers and issuing receipts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did people start using goldsmiths' receipts for making payments?

<p>To transact without withdrawing physical gold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of people using goldsmiths' receipts for transactions?

<p>Transition from gold-backed to fiat currency systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe money that is no longer convertible into gold or any other asset?

<p>Fiat money (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function of money involves using it as a way to measure the value of an item for sale?

<p>Unit of account (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are cryptocurrencies not widely regarded as money for legal or regulatory purposes?

<p>They are too volatile. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of Treasury bills that makes them different from other types of money market instruments?

<p>They are zero coupon instruments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of money market instrument is issued by banks in return for deposited funds and can be traded like shares?

<p>Certificates of deposit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for issuing money market instruments at a discount to their face value?

<p>To simplify administration processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party typically finds direct investment in money market instruments more suitable?

<p>Institutional investors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Zero coupon' instruments refer to financial products that:

<p>'Do not pay any interest during their tenure.' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the reasons for the variation in interest rates on deposits?

<p>Competition between deposit-taking institutions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do large deposits typically earn a better rate than smaller ones?

<p>They are easier for a bank to process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between fixed-term deposit accounts and instant access deposit accounts?

<p>Higher interest rates on fixed-term accounts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of Islamic financial principles on savings accounts?

<p>Avoidance of paying or receiving interest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of advertising an expected profit rate for Islamic banking accounts?

<p>To communicate the percentage return banks expect to pay (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do many non-Muslims find Islamic banking accounts appealing?

<p>Because of the ethical guidelines followed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for holding cash deposits according to the text?

<p>For liquidity needs and emergencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the profit rate decreases in an Islamic banking account?

<p>Depositors can choose to continue at the new lower rate or withdraw their deposit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gross interest in terms of deposit-takers quoting rates?

<p>The headline rate before tax deduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant impact of monetary policy on interest rates according to the text?

<p>Bringing down base rates to zero (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason why only the largest investors tend to invest in commercial property?

<p>Small investors lack the capital required for direct investment in commercial property. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do private investors often choose to become involved in the property market through buy-to-let investments or second home purchases?

<p>To diversify their investment portfolios in a tangible asset class. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what aspect do residential and commercial properties significantly differ as highlighted in the text?

<p>Tenant responsibilities for repairs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes commercial property more suitable as an investment for long-term investing institutions compared to residential property?

<p>Long-term contracts and steady rental income (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do property funds sometimes impose moratoriums on encashments during downturns, as mentioned in the text?

<p>To stabilize the fund by limiting outflows during a crisis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do mutual funds and property bonds play in allowing investors indirect exposure to the property market?

<p>They provide liquidity and ease of investment in the property market. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of marketable instrument is a Certificate of Deposit (CD)?

<p>Short-term instrument with a fixed interest rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Commercial Papers (CP) usually issued?

<p>At a discount to their par value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for money market instruments to be bearer instruments?

<p>Ownership is demonstrated by holding the physical instruments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do money market funds differ from money market accounts?

<p>Funds are covered by depositor protection schemes, while accounts are not (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are cash deposits considered unsuitable for the long term?

<p>Returns from cash deposits are usually negative after taxation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do money market investments play in a client's portfolio?

<p>Serve as a temporary home for cash balances in uncertain times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are money market deposit accounts described in the text?

<p>As essentially savings accounts with certain requirements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do money market funds tend to offer higher returns compared to money market deposit accounts?

<p>As they pool funds giving access to better assets and returns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Ownership is simply evidenced by holding the instruments' implies that:

<p>'Physical possession signifies ownership of the instruments' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'CDs were introduced which could be traded on a secondary market.' indicates that CDs:

<p>'Can be traded once issued' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of property investment compared to other asset classes?

<p>Property is unique in terms of location, structure, and design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is diversification difficult in property investment?

<p>Property can only be purchased in large, discrete units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk do money market funds introduce due to their investments?

<p>Currency risk as they invest in assets denominated in multiple currencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are money market funds different from money market accounts offered by banks?

<p>Money market funds invest in a range of instruments from multiple providers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might an investor choose a money market fund over a money market account?

<p>To have limited exposure to market risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the AAA rating signify for money market instruments?

<p>It represents the highest credit rating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation might an investor consider placing funds in money markets?

<p>At the peak of a long bull market cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are money market funds considered an alternative investment?

<p>Because of their minimal exposure to any appreciable market risk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides protection against appreciable market risk in money market instruments?

<p>The short-term fluctuation in interest rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historical event led to the replacement of the gold standard by the Bretton Woods Agreement?

<p>Great Depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key restriction imposed under the Bretton Woods Agreement to prevent currency devaluation?

<p>Capping currency devaluation to 10% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to the eventual abandonment of the Bretton Woods Agreement in the 1970s?

<p>Pressure for capital movement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major change occurred in currency markets after the Bretton Woods Agreement was abandoned?

<p>Currencies allowed to float against each other (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What development arose as a result of currencies floating freely against each other?

<p>24-hour currency trading (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a forward exchange contract?

<p>To buy or sell foreign currency at a fixed rate for settlement at a future date (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the relationship between spot exchange rates and forward exchange rates according to the text?

<p>Differential between nominal interest rates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text mention converting interest rates into decimals?

<p>To simplify the calculation process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the three-month interest rates in the UK and US adjusted for calculation in the example given?

<p>Divided by 4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why would the forward rate be lower if US interest rates were lower than UK interest rates?

<p>To make investors indifferent to interest rate differentials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the logic behind the theory of interest rate parity as explained in the text?

<p>'Relative purchasing power' theorem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of forward exchange rates, why should investors be indifferent to interest rates available on bank deposits?

<p>To eliminate arbitrage opportunities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do forward exchange rates help in ensuring investor indifference to interest rate differentials?

<p>By maintaining constant spot rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor influencing whether a forward rate is higher or lower than the spot rate according to the text?

<p>Interest rate differentials between countries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text mention that investors should be indifferent to interest rate differentials?

<p>To prevent excessive capital outflows from countries with high-interest rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the forex market, when would the base currency be considered strengthening relative to the counter currency?

<p>When the exchange rate is going up (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a bid-ask price quote in a currency pair represent in the forex market?

<p>The midpoint of the buying and selling prices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard convention for quoting currency pairs in the forex market?

<p>Abbreviating both currencies to three-letter codes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a forward transaction in the FX market is agreed upon for a fixed sum of money at a future date?

<p>The exchange rate is locked at the time of agreement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of transaction typically undertaken in the FX market?

<p>Repo agreements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do central banks play in foreign exchange markets?

<p>Using FX markets for controlling money supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are foreign currency futures considered standardized versions of forward transactions?

<p>They have fixed maturity dates and set contract sizes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Settlement through CLS Bank or international banking system' implies what about FX transactions?

<p>'T+2' refers to waiting 2 days for actual currency delivery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Large international banks provide bid and ask prices' - Why do banks play this role in FX markets?

<p>'Bid' and 'Ask' prices ensure market liquidity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Currency swaps are negotiated individually' - How does this differ from exchange-traded contracts?

<p>'Currency swaps' have flexible terms tailored to parties' needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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