Podcast
Questions and Answers
Organizational researchers have been proposing theories of career for more than a ______
Organizational researchers have been proposing theories of career for more than a ______
century
Career theories can be broadly grouped into three categories—person-environment fit theories, developmental career theories, and ______ career models
Career theories can be broadly grouped into three categories—person-environment fit theories, developmental career theories, and ______ career models
management
In that time, hundreds of models, theories, and frameworks have been developed that attempt to explain the processes through which individuals enter, manage, explain, and leave their ______
In that time, hundreds of models, theories, and frameworks have been developed that attempt to explain the processes through which individuals enter, manage, explain, and leave their ______
careers
A selection of prominent theories from each of these groups is summarized in ______ 1
A selection of prominent theories from each of these groups is summarized in ______ 1
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Vocational psychologists and career counselors are enjoined not to believe the reification fallacy by treating linguistic abstractions as if they were a real ______
Vocational psychologists and career counselors are enjoined not to believe the reification fallacy by treating linguistic abstractions as if they were a real ______
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Psychometric assessments may be useful in career counseling because they provide a useful vocabulary for examining and discussing clients’ constructed ______, not because they provide any form of objective description of individual characteristics
Psychometric assessments may be useful in career counseling because they provide a useful vocabulary for examining and discussing clients’ constructed ______, not because they provide any form of objective description of individual characteristics
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G. D. Gottfredson strongly criticized the postmodern movement in career research, especially its tendency to disregard quantitative research and its preference for complexity and individualized theory over parsimony, even going so far as to call the perspective “______”
G. D. Gottfredson strongly criticized the postmodern movement in career research, especially its tendency to disregard quantitative research and its preference for complexity and individualized theory over parsimony, even going so far as to call the perspective “______”
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Hesketh cautioned vocational psychologists and career ______
Hesketh cautioned vocational psychologists and career ______
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PE fit theories focus on how individual capabilities match job requirements and how job or organization features match individual ______
PE fit theories focus on how individual capabilities match job requirements and how job or organization features match individual ______
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P-E fit framework is influential in vocational guidance and personnel ______
P-E fit framework is influential in vocational guidance and personnel ______
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Different P-E fit career theories have different constructs but share the hypothesis of driving employee success, satisfaction, and persistence in a ______
Different P-E fit career theories have different constructs but share the hypothesis of driving employee success, satisfaction, and persistence in a ______
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Theory of Work Adjustment (TWA) includes predictive and process models focusing on ______
Theory of Work Adjustment (TWA) includes predictive and process models focusing on ______
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TWA predicts satisfaction, effective performance, and long-term tenure when ______ is present, and describes adjustment strategies for mismatches
TWA predicts satisfaction, effective performance, and long-term tenure when ______ is present, and describes adjustment strategies for mismatches
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TWA has received substantial empirical support and influenced other P-E fit models in organizational ______
TWA has received substantial empirical support and influenced other P-E fit models in organizational ______
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Holland’s Theory of Vocational Personality Types and Work Environments articulates 6 types to describe individuals and work environments ______
Holland’s Theory of Vocational Personality Types and Work Environments articulates 6 types to describe individuals and work environments ______
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Holland’s theory predicts that a match between an individual’s type and their occupation is a major contributor to satisfaction, performance, and ______
Holland’s theory predicts that a match between an individual’s type and their occupation is a major contributor to satisfaction, performance, and ______
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Holland’s model is popular due to its parsimony and ease of remembering, using types for wide interpretations of factor definitions and assessment ______
Holland’s model is popular due to its parsimony and ease of remembering, using types for wide interpretations of factor definitions and assessment ______
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Research testing Holland’s predictions has suffered from methodological flaws, with weak relationships between RIASEC-based congruence and ______
Research testing Holland’s predictions has suffered from methodological flaws, with weak relationships between RIASEC-based congruence and ______
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Despite the popularity of Holland’s theory, its predictions, especially regarding the structure of interests, are often evaluated ______
Despite the popularity of Holland’s theory, its predictions, especially regarding the structure of interests, are often evaluated ______
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______ theory of career development includes five stages, which can be repeated multiple times, and emphasizes the role of developing a self-concept in career decision making.
______ theory of career development includes five stages, which can be repeated multiple times, and emphasizes the role of developing a self-concept in career decision making.
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Research using ______ framework has been common, limited to propositions regarding childhood development and retirement.
Research using ______ framework has been common, limited to propositions regarding childhood development and retirement.
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P-E fit theories and TWA have been influential in vocational guidance and personnel selection, with Holland’s theory dominating vocational counseling ______
P-E fit theories and TWA have been influential in vocational guidance and personnel selection, with Holland’s theory dominating vocational counseling ______
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______ theory of career choice and development considers hereditary and biological factors alongside sociocultural factors in describing how individuals make career choices.
______ theory of career choice and development considers hereditary and biological factors alongside sociocultural factors in describing how individuals make career choices.
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Children develop a self-concept based on their ______ talents and capabilities, including their level of general cognitive ability and vocational interests.
Children develop a self-concept based on their ______ talents and capabilities, including their level of general cognitive ability and vocational interests.
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Individuals eliminate career options based on factors such as perceived lack of power, sex roles, and social prestige (______), and may compromise based on political, economic, and social constraints.
Individuals eliminate career options based on factors such as perceived lack of power, sex roles, and social prestige (______), and may compromise based on political, economic, and social constraints.
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Both classic career development models emphasize psychological assessment and advocate ______ assessing traditional individual differences.
Both classic career development models emphasize psychological assessment and advocate ______ assessing traditional individual differences.
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Postmodern career development theories adopt a perspective that views the ______ career as more important than objectively observable career events and work positions.
Postmodern career development theories adopt a perspective that views the ______ career as more important than objectively observable career events and work positions.
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Two postmodern perspectives, ______ and social constructionism, have been applied in many contemporary career theories.
Two postmodern perspectives, ______ and social constructionism, have been applied in many contemporary career theories.
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Constructivism argues that individuals mentally construct their experience of the world through ______ processes and focuses on understanding how individuals develop and manage their career identities and life narratives.
Constructivism argues that individuals mentally construct their experience of the world through ______ processes and focuses on understanding how individuals develop and manage their career identities and life narratives.
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Social constructionism argues that knowledge and meaning are the product of social ______, institutions, and interactions between different social groups.
Social constructionism argues that knowledge and meaning are the product of social ______, institutions, and interactions between different social groups.
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Extreme forms of social constructionism completely reject traditional ______ notions that any form of truth or knowledge exists objectively and independently of a particular community of meaning.
Extreme forms of social constructionism completely reject traditional ______ notions that any form of truth or knowledge exists objectively and independently of a particular community of meaning.
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RIASEC interests do not form a ______, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data actually contradicts Holland's model
RIASEC interests do not form a ______, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data actually contradicts Holland's model
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Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), based on general social cognitive theory, focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational ______
Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), based on general social cognitive theory, focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational ______
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A key construct in Super’s theory is career maturity, defined as an individual’s readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each ______
A key construct in Super’s theory is career maturity, defined as an individual’s readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each ______
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Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past ______
Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past ______
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SCCT self-management model specifies a large set of adaptive career behaviors and predicts how self-efficacy, outcome expectations, contextual factors, and general personality traits are related to different classes of these ______
SCCT self-management model specifies a large set of adaptive career behaviors and predicts how self-efficacy, outcome expectations, contextual factors, and general personality traits are related to different classes of these ______
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Classic developmental theories address how and why individuals make career decisions, while contemporary postmodern career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm, emphasizing the importance of constructing a strong career identity and remaining flexible and adaptable in the face of rapid societal, economic, and technological ______
Classic developmental theories address how and why individuals make career decisions, while contemporary postmodern career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm, emphasizing the importance of constructing a strong career identity and remaining flexible and adaptable in the face of rapid societal, economic, and technological ______
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Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven ______
Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven ______
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SCCT has been expanded to incorporate a process model that applies social cognitive principles to describe how individuals make career-related decisions, including managing uncertainty and setbacks, finding jobs, and balancing ______
SCCT has been expanded to incorporate a process model that applies social cognitive principles to describe how individuals make career-related decisions, including managing uncertainty and setbacks, finding jobs, and balancing ______
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SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory and remains connected to advances from other fields of ______
SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory and remains connected to advances from other fields of ______
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Developmental career theories, such as Super’s Life-span, Life-space Theory and Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, complement P-E fit theories by focusing on the attitudes, contexts, and behaviors related to individuals’ career ______
Developmental career theories, such as Super’s Life-span, Life-space Theory and Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, complement P-E fit theories by focusing on the attitudes, contexts, and behaviors related to individuals’ career ______
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Contemporary Career Theories: ______
Contemporary Career Theories: ______
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Researchers have begun to conduct systematic meta-analytic tests of many of SCCT’s predictions, leading to modifications of the theory and providing point estimates for many of the parameters in its structural ______
Researchers have begun to conduct systematic meta-analytic tests of many of SCCT’s predictions, leading to modifications of the theory and providing point estimates for many of the parameters in its structural ______
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RIASEC interests do not form a ______, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data actually contradicts Holland's model
RIASEC interests do not form a ______, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data actually contradicts Holland's model
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Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven ______
Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven ______
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Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), based on general social cognitive theory, focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational ______
Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), based on general social cognitive theory, focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational ______
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SCCT includes four predictive models: interest development, career choices, educational and vocational performance, and work and career ______
SCCT includes four predictive models: interest development, career choices, educational and vocational performance, and work and career ______
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SCCT has been expanded to incorporate a process model that applies social cognitive principles to describe how individuals make career-related decisions, including managing uncertainty and setbacks, finding jobs, and balancing ______
SCCT has been expanded to incorporate a process model that applies social cognitive principles to describe how individuals make career-related decisions, including managing uncertainty and setbacks, finding jobs, and balancing ______
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SCCT self-management model specifies a large set of adaptive career behaviors and predicts how self-efficacy, outcome expectations, contextual factors, and general personality traits are related to different classes of these ______
SCCT self-management model specifies a large set of adaptive career behaviors and predicts how self-efficacy, outcome expectations, contextual factors, and general personality traits are related to different classes of these ______
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SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory and remains connected to advances from other fields of psychology ______
SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory and remains connected to advances from other fields of psychology ______
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Researchers have begun to conduct systematic meta-analytic tests of many of SCCT’s predictions, leading to modifications of the theory and providing point estimates for many of the parameters in its structural ______
Researchers have begun to conduct systematic meta-analytic tests of many of SCCT’s predictions, leading to modifications of the theory and providing point estimates for many of the parameters in its structural ______
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Developmental career theories, such as Super’s Life-span, Life-space Theory and Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, complement P-E fit theories by focusing on the attitudes, contexts, and behaviors related to individuals’ career ______
Developmental career theories, such as Super’s Life-span, Life-space Theory and Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, complement P-E fit theories by focusing on the attitudes, contexts, and behaviors related to individuals’ career ______
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Classic developmental theories address how and why individuals make career decisions, while contemporary postmodern career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm, emphasizing the importance of constructing a strong career identity and remaining flexible and adaptable in the face of rapid societal, economic, and technological ______
Classic developmental theories address how and why individuals make career decisions, while contemporary postmodern career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm, emphasizing the importance of constructing a strong career identity and remaining flexible and adaptable in the face of rapid societal, economic, and technological ______
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Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past ______
Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past ______
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A key construct in Super’s theory is career maturity, defined as an individual’s readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each ______
A key construct in Super’s theory is career maturity, defined as an individual’s readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each ______
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Career theories can be broadly grouped into three categories—person-environment fit theories, developmental career theories, and management career models.
Career theories can be broadly grouped into three categories—person-environment fit theories, developmental career theories, and management career models.
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Holland’s model is popular due to its parsimony and ease of remembering, using types for wide interpretations of factor definitions and assessment.
Holland’s model is popular due to its parsimony and ease of remembering, using types for wide interpretations of factor definitions and assessment.
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Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven false.
Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven false.
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Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past experiences.
Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past experiences.
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Postmodern perspectives on career counseling have not received any criticism
Postmodern perspectives on career counseling have not received any criticism
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G. D. Gottfredson strongly criticized the postmodern movement in career research
G. D. Gottfredson strongly criticized the postmodern movement in career research
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Psychometric assessments may provide an objective description of individual characteristics
Psychometric assessments may provide an objective description of individual characteristics
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Savickas suggests that psychometric assessments may be useful in career counseling because they provide a useful vocabulary for examining and discussing clients’ constructed meanings
Savickas suggests that psychometric assessments may be useful in career counseling because they provide a useful vocabulary for examining and discussing clients’ constructed meanings
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RIASEC interests form a hexagon, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data supports Holland's model.
RIASEC interests form a hexagon, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data supports Holland's model.
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Vocational interests play a minor role in successful work performance, and most specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven true.
Vocational interests play a minor role in successful work performance, and most specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven true.
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SCCT focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational behavior.
SCCT focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational behavior.
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SCCT includes three predictive models: interest development, career choices, and educational and vocational performance.
SCCT includes three predictive models: interest development, career choices, and educational and vocational performance.
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SCCT self-management model specifies a small set of adaptive career behaviors.
SCCT self-management model specifies a small set of adaptive career behaviors.
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SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory.
SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory.
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Developmental career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm.
Developmental career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm.
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Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of three developmental stages.
Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of three developmental stages.
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A key construct in Super's theory is career immaturity, defined as an individual's readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each life stage.
A key construct in Super's theory is career immaturity, defined as an individual's readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each life stage.
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SCCT remains disconnected from advances from other fields of psychology.
SCCT remains disconnected from advances from other fields of psychology.
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Contemporary postmodern career theories emphasize the importance of conforming to the P-E fit paradigm.
Contemporary postmodern career theories emphasize the importance of conforming to the P-E fit paradigm.
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Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives.
Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives.
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PE fit theories focus on how individual capabilities match job requirements and how job or organization features match individual desires
PE fit theories focus on how individual capabilities match job requirements and how job or organization features match individual desires
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P-E fit framework is influential in vocational guidance and personnel selection
P-E fit framework is influential in vocational guidance and personnel selection
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Theory of Work Adjustment (TWA) includes predictive and process models focusing on needs/values, skills/abilities, job requirements, and job reinforcers
Theory of Work Adjustment (TWA) includes predictive and process models focusing on needs/values, skills/abilities, job requirements, and job reinforcers
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TWA predicts satisfaction, effective performance, and long-term tenure when correspondence is present, and describes adjustment strategies for mismatches
TWA predicts satisfaction, effective performance, and long-term tenure when correspondence is present, and describes adjustment strategies for mismatches
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Holland’s Theory of Vocational Personality Types and Work Environments articulates 6 types to describe individuals and work environments (RIASEC)
Holland’s Theory of Vocational Personality Types and Work Environments articulates 6 types to describe individuals and work environments (RIASEC)
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Holland’s theory predicts that a match between an individual’s type and their occupation is a major contributor to satisfaction, performance, and tenure
Holland’s theory predicts that a match between an individual’s type and their occupation is a major contributor to satisfaction, performance, and tenure
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Holland’s model is popular due to its parsimony and ease of remembering, using types for wide interpretations of factor definitions and assessment results
Holland’s model is popular due to its parsimony and ease of remembering, using types for wide interpretations of factor definitions and assessment results
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Research testing Holland’s predictions has suffered from methodological flaws, with weak relationships between RIASEC-based congruence and outcomes
Research testing Holland’s predictions has suffered from methodological flaws, with weak relationships between RIASEC-based congruence and outcomes
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Despite the popularity of Holland’s theory, its predictions, especially regarding the structure of interests, are often evaluated uncritically
Despite the popularity of Holland’s theory, its predictions, especially regarding the structure of interests, are often evaluated uncritically
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P-E fit theories and TWA have been influential in vocational guidance and personnel selection, with Holland’s theory dominating vocational counseling practice
P-E fit theories and TWA have been influential in vocational guidance and personnel selection, with Holland’s theory dominating vocational counseling practice
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Holland’s theory predicts that a match between an individual’s type and their occupation is a major contributor to satisfaction, performance, and tenure
Holland’s theory predicts that a match between an individual’s type and their occupation is a major contributor to satisfaction, performance, and tenure
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Different P-E fit career theories have different constructs but share the hypothesis of driving employee success, satisfaction, and persistence in a career
Different P-E fit career theories have different constructs but share the hypothesis of driving employee success, satisfaction, and persistence in a career
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Super's theory of career development includes five stages that can be repeated multiple times.
Super's theory of career development includes five stages that can be repeated multiple times.
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Research using Super’s framework has been limited to propositions regarding childhood development and retirement.
Research using Super’s framework has been limited to propositions regarding childhood development and retirement.
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Super’s theory forms the basis of many contemporary postmodern career development theories.
Super’s theory forms the basis of many contemporary postmodern career development theories.
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Gottfredson’s theory of career choice and development considers hereditary and biological factors alongside sociocultural factors in describing how individuals make career choices.
Gottfredson’s theory of career choice and development considers hereditary and biological factors alongside sociocultural factors in describing how individuals make career choices.
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Children develop a self-concept based on their innate talents and capabilities, including their level of general cognitive ability and vocational interests.
Children develop a self-concept based on their innate talents and capabilities, including their level of general cognitive ability and vocational interests.
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Individuals eliminate career options based on factors such as perceived lack of power, sex roles, and social prestige (circumscription), and may compromise based on political, economic, and social constraints.
Individuals eliminate career options based on factors such as perceived lack of power, sex roles, and social prestige (circumscription), and may compromise based on political, economic, and social constraints.
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Both classic career development models emphasize psychological assessment and advocate quantitatively assessing traditional individual differences.
Both classic career development models emphasize psychological assessment and advocate quantitatively assessing traditional individual differences.
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Postmodern career development theories adopt a perspective that views the subjective career as more important than objectively observable career events and work positions.
Postmodern career development theories adopt a perspective that views the subjective career as more important than objectively observable career events and work positions.
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Two postmodern perspectives, constructivism and social constructionism, have been applied in many contemporary career theories.
Two postmodern perspectives, constructivism and social constructionism, have been applied in many contemporary career theories.
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Constructivism argues that individuals mentally construct their experience of the world through psychological processes and focuses on understanding how individuals develop and manage their career identities and life narratives.
Constructivism argues that individuals mentally construct their experience of the world through psychological processes and focuses on understanding how individuals develop and manage their career identities and life narratives.
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Social constructionism argues that knowledge and meaning are the product of social practices, institutions, and interactions between different social groups.
Social constructionism argues that knowledge and meaning are the product of social practices, institutions, and interactions between different social groups.
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Extreme forms of social constructionism completely reject traditional positivistic notions that any form of truth or knowledge exists objectively and independently of a particular community of meaning.
Extreme forms of social constructionism completely reject traditional positivistic notions that any form of truth or knowledge exists objectively and independently of a particular community of meaning.
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Study Notes
Contemporary Career Theories: RIASEC, SCCT, and Developmental Theories
- RIASEC interests do not form a hexagon, contrary to popular belief, and many researchers' data actually contradicts Holland's model (Tinsley, 2000a, 2000b, 2001).
- Vocational interests play a crucial role in successful work performance, but many specific hypotheses of Holland's theory have been proven false (Nye, Su, Rounds, & Drasgow, 2012; Van Iddekinge et al., 2011).
- Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), based on general social cognitive theory, focuses on self-efficacy and outcome expectations in driving vocational behavior (Lent, 2013b; Lent et al., 1994).
- SCCT includes four predictive models: interest development, career choices, educational and vocational performance, and work and career satisfaction (Lent, 2013b).
- SCCT has been expanded to incorporate a process model that applies social cognitive principles to describe how individuals make career-related decisions, including managing uncertainty and setbacks, finding jobs, and balancing goals (Lent and Brown, 2013).
- SCCT self-management model specifies a large set of adaptive career behaviors and predicts how self-efficacy, outcome expectations, contextual factors, and general personality traits are related to different classes of these behaviors.
- SCCT has received the most empirical research attention of any contemporary career theory and remains connected to advances from other fields of psychology (Lent & Brown, 2013; Savickas, 2013).
- Researchers have begun to conduct systematic meta-analytic tests of many of SCCT’s predictions, leading to modifications of the theory and providing point estimates for many of the parameters in its structural models (S. D. Brown et al., 2008; S. D. Brown, Lent, Telander, & Tramayne, 2011; Rottinghaus, Larson, & Borgen, 2003; Sheu et al., 2010).
- Developmental career theories, such as Super’s Life-span, Life-space Theory and Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise, complement P-E fit theories by focusing on the attitudes, contexts, and behaviors related to individuals’ career decisions.
- Classic developmental theories address how and why individuals make career decisions, while contemporary postmodern career theories reject the entire P-E fit paradigm, emphasizing the importance of constructing a strong career identity and remaining flexible and adaptable in the face of rapid societal, economic, and technological changes.
- Super's Life-span, Life-space Theory describes a sequence of five developmental stages through which individuals pass during their lives, each with particular developmental challenges, determined by personal characteristics, environmental features, and past experiences.
- A key construct in Super’s theory is career maturity, defined as an individual’s readiness to face the particular developmental challenges at each life
Career Development Theories: Classic and Postmodern Perspectives
- Super's theory of career development includes five stages, which can be repeated multiple times, and emphasizes the role of developing a self-concept in career decision making.
- Research using Super’s framework has been common, limited to propositions regarding childhood development and retirement.
- Super’s theory forms the basis of many contemporary postmodern career development theories.
- Gottfredson’s theory of career choice and development considers hereditary and biological factors alongside sociocultural factors in describing how individuals make career choices.
- Children develop a self-concept based on their innate talents and capabilities, including their level of general cognitive ability and vocational interests.
- Individuals eliminate career options based on factors such as perceived lack of power, sex roles, and social prestige (circumscription), and may compromise based on political, economic, and social constraints.
- Both classic career development models emphasize psychological assessment and advocate quantitatively assessing traditional individual differences.
- Postmodern career development theories adopt a perspective that views the subjective career as more important than objectively observable career events and work positions.
- Two postmodern perspectives, constructivism and social constructionism, have been applied in many contemporary career theories.
- Constructivism argues that individuals mentally construct their experience of the world through psychological processes and focuses on understanding how individuals develop and manage their career identities and life narratives.
- Social constructionism argues that knowledge and meaning are the product of social practices, institutions, and interactions between different social groups.
- Extreme forms of social constructionism completely reject traditional positivistic notions that any form of truth or knowledge exists objectively and independently of a particular community of meaning.
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Description
Test your knowledge of classic and postmodern career development theories with this quiz. Explore concepts such as Super's theory, Gottfredson’s theory, RIASEC interests, and Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). See how well you understand the principles and applications of these influential theories in the field of career development.
