Cardiovascular System: The Heart Lecture
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Questions and Answers

What are the receiving chambers of the heart?

Atria

What are the pumping chambers of the heart?

Ventricles

What are the grooves on the surface of the heart called?

Sulci

What separates the right and left atrium?

<p>Interatrial septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?

<p>Tricuspid valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the collection of cardiac muscle fibers in the internal wall of the right ventricle called?

<p>Trabeculae carneae</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does blood leave the right ventricle through?

<p>Pulmonary valve (pulmonary semilunar valve)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

<p>Bicuspid (mitral) valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the thickest chamber of the heart?

<p>Left Ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the aortic and pulmonary valves collectively known as?

<p>Semilunar Valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main learning objective of the lecture?

<p>Describe the anatomy of the heart, explain the process of blood flow through the heart, describe the blood supply of the heart, describe the conduction system and their action potentials, explain the cardiac cycle, define ECG, and explain the factors affecting the cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the location of the heart within the thoracic cavity?

<p>Between two lungs, about 2/3 to the left of the midline of the body, behind and slightly to the left of the sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of the pericardium and their functions?

<p>Fibrous pericardium (tough, inelastic, dense irregular connective tissue, prevents overstretching, provides protection) and serous pericardium (thinner, more delicate membrane, secretes pericardial fluid to reduce friction)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three layers of the heart?

<p>Epicardium (external layer), myocardium (95% of heart is cardiac muscle), endocardium (inner layer)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outward appearance of the heart?

<p>The apex is at the tip of the left ventricle and the base is on the posterior surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pericardial fluid?

<p>It reduces friction and is secreted into the pericardial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the heart that is composed of myocardium?

<p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the endocardium?

<p>It provides a smooth lining for the chambers of the heart, valves, and is continuous with the lining of large blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the base of the heart located?

<p>On the posterior surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

<p>It is tough, inelastic, dense irregular connective tissue that prevents overstretching and provides protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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