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Questions and Answers
What structures are included in the cardiovascular system?
What structures are included in the cardiovascular system?
Heart and blood vessels
Which of the following are common associated clinical manifestations of alterations in perfusion? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are common associated clinical manifestations of alterations in perfusion? (Select all that apply)
- Hypertension (correct)
- Cool, clammy skin (correct)
- Shock (correct)
- Fatigue
Hypertension in pediatric patients is often overdiagnosed.
Hypertension in pediatric patients is often overdiagnosed.
False (B)
What is a late sign of compromise associated with low blood pressure?
What is a late sign of compromise associated with low blood pressure?
A critical condition brought on by the sudden drop in blood flow through the body is called ______.
A critical condition brought on by the sudden drop in blood flow through the body is called ______.
What role does prostaglandin E1 play in congenital heart defects?
What role does prostaglandin E1 play in congenital heart defects?
Which of the following defects are associated with decreased pulmonary blood flow? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following defects are associated with decreased pulmonary blood flow? (Select all that apply)
The layers of the heart include the ______, ______, and ______.
The layers of the heart include the ______, ______, and ______.
Which cardiac defects are classified as obstructive blood flow defects? (Select all that apply)
Which cardiac defects are classified as obstructive blood flow defects? (Select all that apply)
Match the following conditions with their associated features:
Match the following conditions with their associated features:
What is cardiogenic shock a result of?
What is cardiogenic shock a result of?
Which of the following symptoms are common in anaphylactic shock? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following symptoms are common in anaphylactic shock? (Select all that apply)
What is a late sign of shock in children?
What is a late sign of shock in children?
Oliguria can be a sign of decreased cardiac function.
Oliguria can be a sign of decreased cardiac function.
The four defects associated with Tetralogy of Fallot are pulmonary stenosis, VSD, overriding aorta, and __________.
The four defects associated with Tetralogy of Fallot are pulmonary stenosis, VSD, overriding aorta, and __________.
Match the following heart defects to their characteristics:
Match the following heart defects to their characteristics:
What is the role of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in congenital heart defects?
What is the role of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in congenital heart defects?
Which of the following is a major criterion for diagnosing rheumatic fever?
Which of the following is a major criterion for diagnosing rheumatic fever?
Kawasaki disease primarily affects adults.
Kawasaki disease primarily affects adults.
What is a common symptom of infective endocarditis?
What is a common symptom of infective endocarditis?
Which of these is a risk factor for cardiomyopathy?
Which of these is a risk factor for cardiomyopathy?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology of Cardiovascular System
- The cardiovascular system is comprised of the heart and blood vessels.
- The heart has 4 chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.
- The heart has 4 valves: tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, and aortic.
- The heart's conduction system controls the heart's rhythm.
- The cardiovascular system is responsible for managing blood supply, producing blood pressure, ensuring one-way blood flow, and transmitting blood.
Alterations in Perfusion
- Low blood pressure can lead to poor tissue perfusion and shock.
- Hypotension is a late sign of compromise and care should begin before it occurs.
- Hypertension is often undiagnosed and can lead to poor health outcomes.
- Shock is a critical condition caused by a sudden drop in blood flow throughout the body.
- Shock can be caused by trauma, heatstroke, blood loss, or an allergic reaction.
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