30 Questions
Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
What sound is produced by the closure of heart valves during ventricular systole?
S1
Where is the aortic valve located?
Between the left ventricle and aorta
Which structure serves as the main pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial node (SA)
What is the function of semilunar valves?
Open when forward pressure forces blood in a forward direction
What do Purkinje fibers do in the heart's conduction system?
Conduct impulses to all parts of the ventricles
What is the main function of the Cardiovascular system?
Delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to the body tissues
Which part of the heart functions to protect it from friction?
Pericardium
Where does the right atrium receive blood from?
Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
Which chamber of the heart is responsible for propelling deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary artery?
Right ventricle
What role do the atrioventricular valves (AV) play in heart function?
Provide one-way flow of blood
'Epicardium' is a layer of the heart that extends into great vessels and becomes continuous with what other part of the heart?
Inner lining of the pericardium
What happens if the heart is an ineffective pump?
Cardiac output and tissue perfusion decrease
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?
Increases heart rate
What is the effect of a very rapid heart rate on cardiac output?
Decreases cardiac output
What is preload in relation to cardiac function?
Amount of stretch of cardiac muscle fibers before contraction
Which factor influences preload?
Venous return and ventricular compliance
How does bradycardia affect cardiac output if stroke volume remains the same?
Decreases cardiac output
What is the major function of blood vessels in the vascular system?
Supply tissues with blood and remove wastes
Which type of blood vessel functions in controlling systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure?
Arterioles
Where do exchanges like oxygen and carbon dioxide, solutes, and fluid volume transfer occur in the vascular system?
Capillaries
What is the main function of venules in the vascular system?
Receive blood from the capillaries
Which statement best describes the structure of veins in the vascular system?
Low-pressure vessels with thin walls and less muscle than arteries
What is the function of coronary veins in the circulatory system?
Return blood from the myocardium back to the right atrium
What is the physiologic limit to Starling's Law in cardiac muscle fibers?
Continuous overstretching like a rubber band
Which disorder results in an increased preload on the heart?
Renal disease
What factor determines the force the ventricles must overcome to eject blood?
Afterload
How do alterations in vascular tone affect afterload and ventricular work?
Increase ventricular work
What happens when cardiac muscles exhibit poor contractility?
Reduces cardiac output
Which factor is responsible for the inherent capability of cardiac muscle fibers to shorten?
Contractility
Learn about the components of the cardiovascular system, including the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. Understand the major functions of the system such as circulating blood and delivering oxygen and nutrients to body tissues.
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