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Questions and Answers
Which term describes increased blood pressure?
Which term describes increased blood pressure?
Which medical term refers to the death of cardiac muscle due to blocked blood supply?
Which medical term refers to the death of cardiac muscle due to blocked blood supply?
What is the term for a localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel?
What is the term for a localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel?
Which vessel carries blood away from the heart?
Which vessel carries blood away from the heart?
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What is the contraction phase of the heartbeat called?
What is the contraction phase of the heartbeat called?
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What term describes insufficient blood supply to the heart?
What term describes insufficient blood supply to the heart?
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What is the term for the accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries?
What is the term for the accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries?
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Which medical term indicates a fast heart rate of more than 100 bpm?
Which medical term indicates a fast heart rate of more than 100 bpm?
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Localized necrosis of cardiac muscle tissue due to blockage is termed:
Localized necrosis of cardiac muscle tissue due to blockage is termed:
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What is a typical heart rate for bradycardia?
What is a typical heart rate for bradycardia?
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What is the primary function of arteries in the vascular system?
What is the primary function of arteries in the vascular system?
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What characterizes arrhythmia in the cardiovascular system?
What characterizes arrhythmia in the cardiovascular system?
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What condition results from the localized necrosis of cardiac muscle tissue?
What condition results from the localized necrosis of cardiac muscle tissue?
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What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
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What best describes hypertension?
What best describes hypertension?
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Which vessel carries blood back to the heart?
Which vessel carries blood back to the heart?
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What is a common cause of angina pectoris?
What is a common cause of angina pectoris?
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What is the effect of atherosclerosis on blood vessels?
What is the effect of atherosclerosis on blood vessels?
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What defines bradycardia?
What defines bradycardia?
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What technique is used to visualize internal cardiac structures non-invasively?
What technique is used to visualize internal cardiac structures non-invasively?
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Which of the following components is NOT part of the cardiovascular system?
Which of the following components is NOT part of the cardiovascular system?
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What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
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Which term describes the narrowing of blood vessels due to fatty deposits?
Which term describes the narrowing of blood vessels due to fatty deposits?
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Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
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Which blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart?
Which blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart?
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What role do white blood cells play in the cardiovascular system?
What role do white blood cells play in the cardiovascular system?
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What structure separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
What structure separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
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Which of the following best describes the function of capillaries?
Which of the following best describes the function of capillaries?
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Where does blood become oxygenated in the cardiovascular system?
Where does blood become oxygenated in the cardiovascular system?
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Which condition is characterized by the high pressure in the arteries?
Which condition is characterized by the high pressure in the arteries?
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System Overview
- Responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
- Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues
- Removes waste products
- Composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
- Maintains homeostasis and supports vital functions
- Regulates blood pressure
- Maintains fluid balance
- Enables immune responses through the transportation of white blood cells
The Heart
- Right atrium receives blood low in oxygen from all body tissues through the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava
- Blood then enters the right ventricle and is pumped to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.
- Blood returns from the lungs high in oxygen and enters the left atrium through the pulmonary veins
- Blood enters the left ventricle and is forcefully pumped into the aorta to be distributed to all tissues.
The Vascular System
- Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart (except for pulmonary and umbilical arteries which carry oxygenated blood)
- Arterioles: Smaller vessels that carry blood from the arteries into the capillaries
- Capillaries: Smallest vessels where exchanges take place between blood and tissues
- Venules: Small vessels that receive blood from the capillaries and drain into the veins
- Veins: Carry blood back to the heart (except for pulmonary and umbilical veins which carry blood low in oxygen)
Terminology of the Cardiovascular System
- Artery: Vessel that carries blood away from the heart
- Arteriole: Small vessel that carries blood from the arteries into the capillaries
- Vein: Vessel that carries blood back to the heart
- Venule: Small vessel that carries blood from the capillaries to the veins
- Valve: Structure that keeps fluid flowing in a forward direction
- Sinoatrial (SA) node: A small mass in the upper part of the right atrium that initiates the impulse for each heartbeat; the pacemaker
- Systole: The contraction phase of the heartbeat cycle
Cardiovascular System Disorders
- Aneurysm: Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery, caused by weakness of the vessel wall; may eventually burst
- Angina pectoris: Feeling of constriction around the heart or pain that may radiate to the left arm or shoulder, usually brought on by exertion; caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart
- Arrhythmia: Any abnormality in the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat
- Atherosclerosis: Development of fatty, fibrous patches (plaques) in the lining of arteries, causing narrowing of the lumen and hardening of the vessel wall
- Dyslipidemia: Disorder in serum lipid levels, which includes hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia
- Bradycardia: Slow heart rate of less than 60 bpm
- Tachycardia: Fast heart rate of more than 100 bpm at rest
- Dyspnea: Difficult or labored breathing
- Edema: Swelling of body tissues caused by the presence of excess fluid
- Heart failure: Inability of the heart to maintain adequate blood circulation
- Hypertension: Higher-than-normal blood pressure
- Myocardial infarction (MI): Localized necrosis (death) of cardiac muscle tissue resulting from blockage or narrowing of the coronary artery
- Embolism: Obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot or other matter carried in the circulation
- Ischemia: Local deficiency of blood supply caused by circulatory obstruction
- Stroke: Sudden damage to the brain resulting from reduction of blood flow
- Shock: Circulatory failure resulting in an inadequate blood supply to the tissues
Diagnostic Tools
- Coronary angiography: Radiographic study of the coronary arteries after introduction of an opaque dye
- Echocardiography (ECG): Non-invasive method that uses ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures
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Description
Explore the essential functions and components of the cardiovascular system in this quiz. Learn about the heart's role in blood circulation, the structure of blood vessels, and the importance of maintaining homeostasis. Test your knowledge on how blood transports vital substances throughout the body.
