Cardiovascular System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?

  • To generate pressure to drive blood through the vasculature (correct)
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To filter waste from the blood
  • To oxygenate blood

    • What type of muscle makes up the heart wall?

  • Voluntary muscle
  • Smooth muscle
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Cardiac muscle (correct)

    • What is the main function of arteries in the vasculature?

  • To filter blood
  • To deliver blood to tissues (correct)
  • To exchange oxygen and nutrients with tissues
  • To return blood to the heart

    • What type of muscle makes up the blood vessel wall?

    <p>Smooth muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gas and nutrient exchange occur in the vasculature?

    <p>Capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate cardiac output?

    <p>CO = SV × HR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors can affect heart rate?

    <p>Physical activity and contractility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter determines stroke volume?

    <p>End-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During physical activity, how does cardiac output change compared with resting values?

    <p>Increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cardiac output affected by increasing either stroke volume or heart rate?

    <p>It increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term represents the number of times the heart beats per minute?

    <p>Heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between invasive and non-invasive methods of measuring cardiac output?

    <p>Whether they use direct or indirect measurements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors decreases with age, affecting cardiac output?

    <p>The efficiency of the cardiovascular system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of blood in the ventricles immediately before systole?

    <p>Preload (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cardiac output calculation an essential diagnostic tool in cardiovascular medicine?

    <p>It evaluates the efficiency of the cardiovascular system and monitors disease progression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the systemic resistance the ventricles must overcome to eject blood to the vasculature?

    <p>Afterload (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to heart rate and cardiac output during physical activity?

    <p>They increase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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