Cardiovascular System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor influencing Stroke Volume?

  • Chemical factors
  • Neural factors
  • Temperature factors
  • Mechanical factors (correct)
  • Which nerve is responsible for inhibiting heart rate by releasing acetylcholine?

  • Vagus nerve (correct)
  • Cardiac nerve
  • Sympathetic nerve
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • What is the primary cause of abnormal S4 heart sounds?

  • Strong left ventricle
  • High heart rate
  • Increased circulation
  • Weak left ventricle (correct)
  • Which reflex helps oppose changes in pressure by adjusting heart rate?

    <p>Aortic Reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main determinant of Preload in the heart?

    <p>Volume of each ventricle during diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect Cardiac Output calculation?

    <p>Blood Pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might happen if PVR increases significantly in terms of Stroke Volume?

    <p>Stroke Volume would decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reflex helps stimulate the vasomotor center when blood distribution changes?

    <p>Vasomotor Pressoreflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Chronotropy refer to?

    <p>Heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily affects Venous Return to the heart?

    <p>Total blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior vena cava as well as the coronary sinus?

    <p>Right Atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the heart consists of branching cells connected by intercalated discs?

    <p>Myocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Purkinje fibers in the heart's conduction system?

    <p>Conduct impulses to the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the 'S1' heart sound, which is described as longer and lower than 'S2'?

    <p>Contraction of ventricles and closure of AV valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the cardiac conduction system?

    <p>Conduct impulses slower to allow for atrial contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessels supply most of the right ventricle with blood in the heart tissue?

    <p>Right Coronary Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atria relax and begin refilling with blood?

    <p>Isovolumetric Ventricular Relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Atrial kick' accounts for approximately what percentage of blood volume in the atria during atrial systole?

    <p>~20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Lubb-dupp' refers to which sounds made during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>'S1' and 'S2'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the semilunar valves in the heart?

    <p>Located at bases of large vessels attached to ventricles, grow as pressure increases with contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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