Cardiovascular System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor influencing Stroke Volume?

  • Chemical factors
  • Neural factors
  • Temperature factors
  • Mechanical factors (correct)

Which nerve is responsible for inhibiting heart rate by releasing acetylcholine?

  • Vagus nerve (correct)
  • Cardiac nerve
  • Sympathetic nerve
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve

What is the primary cause of abnormal S4 heart sounds?

  • Strong left ventricle
  • High heart rate
  • Increased circulation
  • Weak left ventricle (correct)

Which reflex helps oppose changes in pressure by adjusting heart rate?

<p>Aortic Reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main determinant of Preload in the heart?

<p>Volume of each ventricle during diastole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect Cardiac Output calculation?

<p>Blood Pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might happen if PVR increases significantly in terms of Stroke Volume?

<p>Stroke Volume would decrease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reflex helps stimulate the vasomotor center when blood distribution changes?

<p>Vasomotor Pressoreflexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Chronotropy refer to?

<p>Heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily affects Venous Return to the heart?

<p>Total blood volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior vena cava as well as the coronary sinus?

<p>Right Atrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the heart consists of branching cells connected by intercalated discs?

<p>Myocardium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Purkinje fibers in the heart's conduction system?

<p>Conduct impulses to the ventricles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the 'S1' heart sound, which is described as longer and lower than 'S2'?

<p>Contraction of ventricles and closure of AV valves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the cardiac conduction system?

<p>Conduct impulses slower to allow for atrial contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels supply most of the right ventricle with blood in the heart tissue?

<p>Right Coronary Artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the atria relax and begin refilling with blood?

<p>Isovolumetric Ventricular Relaxation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Atrial kick' accounts for approximately what percentage of blood volume in the atria during atrial systole?

<p>~20% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Lubb-dupp' refers to which sounds made during the cardiac cycle?

<p>'S1' and 'S2' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the semilunar valves in the heart?

<p>Located at bases of large vessels attached to ventricles, grow as pressure increases with contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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