Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation Chapter 20 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of vasa vasorum in blood vessels?

  • Deliver nutrients and remove waste from the cells of large vessels (correct)
  • Regulate blood pressure in capillaries
  • Assist in blood clotting process
  • Form new blood cells in the bone marrow

What is the main function of precapillary sphincters?

  • Regulate oxygen content in the blood
  • Stimulate blood clotting
  • Maintain blood pressure in veins
  • Control blood flow into capillary beds (correct)

Which type of artery has a diameter ranging from 0.1mm to 10mm?

  • Arteriole
  • Muscular artery (correct)
  • Elastic artery
  • Capillary

What is the primary function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

<p>Supply blood to tissues by perfusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of metarterioles in the circulatory system?

<p>Connect arterioles and capillaries, with a sphincter to regulate blood flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are venules different from veins?

<p>Venules are fed by capillaries, while veins carry blood back to the heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does diapedesis primarily occur in?

<p>Venules and capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences blood flow by increasing resistance in blood vessels?

<p><strong>Viscosity</strong> of blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Pulse pressure' is defined as the difference between which two readings?

<p><strong>Systolic</strong> and <strong>diastolic</strong> pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Mean arterial pressure (MAP)' is calculated as:

<p>(Diastolic BP) + (Systolic BP - Diastolic BP) / 3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the skeletal muscle pump in the venous system?

<p>To increase pressure in veins to push blood towards the heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to venoconstriction?

<p>Increases resistance in veins and decreases flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of capillaries in the circulatory system?

<p>Transport gases, nutrients, and wastes to and from cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does filtration differ from reabsorption in capillary exchange?

<p>Filtration moves fluid from high pressure capillary to low pressure tissues, reabsorption is the opposite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does osmotic pressure affect fluid movement in capillaries?

<p>Decreases fluid reabsorption back into capillaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the lymphatic system in the circulatory system?

<p>To pick up excess fluid filtered by capillaries and return it to circulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone targets the kidneys to reabsorb water, increasing blood volume and pressure?

<p>Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Erythropoietin (EPO) in the vascular system?

<p>Stimulates erythrocyte production in bone marrow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does autoregulation of perfusion respond to decreased oxygen levels in tissues?

<p>It causes vasoconstriction in arterioles to decrease blood flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological effect does exercise have on LDL cholesterol levels?

<p>Decreases LDL cholesterol levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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