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Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for the existence of a cardiovascular system?
To facilitate the circulation in large multicellular organisms and allow for rapid exchange of materials.
What does F represent in the hemodynamics equation?
Flow (mL/min)
What happens to the flow rate when there is no pressure difference?
The flow rate is 0 mL/min.
The equation for resistance to blood flow is represented as R = _____
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Which of the following are functions of the cardiovascular system? (Select all that apply)
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The flow rate is always high to low pressure.
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Match the following components of the cardiovascular system:
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System
- The circulatory system evolved to facilitate the efficient exchange of materials in larger, more complex organisms.
- The circulatory system allows for rapid exchange of materials by providing a steep concentration gradient between blood and cells.
- Diffusion alone is not enough to effectively transport nutrients and waste products over long distances in large organisms.
Hemodynamics
- Flow is directly proportional to the pressure difference between points and inversely proportional to the resistance.
- Resistance to flow is influenced by viscosity, length, and diameter of the blood vessel.
- Poiseuille's Equation provides a quantitative relationship between resistance, viscosity, length, and radius of the blood vessel.
- Flow rate is determined by the pressure difference between two points.
- Increased resistance leads to decreased flow for a given pressure difference.
- Flow is highest when the pressure difference between two points is greatest.
- Flow is zero when there is no pressure difference between two points.
- Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid.
- Flow is always from areas of higher pressure to lower pressure - pressure gradient.
- Laminar flow is characterized by smooth, layered movement of fluid particles with minimal mixing.
- Turbulent flow occurs when fluid particles move chaotically.
- Transitional flow is intermediate between laminar and turbulent.
Cardiovascular System Functions & Components
- The cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients and removing waste products from the body.
- It facilitates rapid chemical signaling through circulation of hormones and neurotransmitters.
- It plays a role in thermoregulation, inflammation, and host defense against pathogens.
- The heart, blood vessels, and blood are the primary components of the cardiovascular system.
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Description
Explore the intricate workings of the cardiovascular system and the principles of hemodynamics. This quiz covers topics like circulatory system evolution, fluid flow, resistance, and Poiseuille's Equation. Test your knowledge on how pressure and resistance affect blood flow in larger organisms.
