Cardiovascular System and Cardiac Cycle
38 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the name of the process used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart?

  • Electromyography (EMG)
  • Echocardiogram (ECHO)
  • Electroencephalography (EEG)
  • Electrocardiography (ECG) (correct)

On an ECG trace, what does the P wave indicate?

  • Contraction of the atria (correct)
  • Ventricular relaxation
  • Contraction of the ventricles
  • Ventricular fibrillation

What does the QRS complex on an ECG trace represent?

  • Atrial contraction
  • Ventricular relaxation
  • Atrial relaxation
  • Ventricular contraction (correct)

What part of the ECG trace corresponds to the start of ventricular relaxation?

<p>T wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by an irregular heartbeat that has lost its rhythm?

<p>Fibrillation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the 'lub' sound in the heartbeat?

<p>Closure of the atrioventricular valves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool do doctors use to listen to heart sounds?

<p>Stethoscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a pulse indicate?

<p>One heartbeat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can you easily feel a pulse?

<p>Neck and wrist (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a lower resting pulse rate generally indicate?

<p>Better fitness level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the 'lub' sound during the cardiac cycle?

<p>The closing of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during ventricular systole?

<p>The ventricles contract raising blood pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the valves in the heart?

<p>To prevent the backflow of blood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the atria during ventricular systole?

<p>The atria relax. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the cardiac cycle?

<p>Atrial Systole, Ventricular Systole, Diastole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by an electrocardiogram (ECG)?

<p>The electrical activity of the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during diastole?

<p>The ventricles relax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the semi-lunar valves?

<p>To prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate duration of atrial systole?

<p>0.1 seconds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is heart activity typically monitored?

<p>By using an electrocardiogram (ECG) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process involved in coronary heart disease (CHD)?

<p>Blockage of coronary arteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart?

<p>Angina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for coronary heart disease related to lifestyle?

<p>Sedentary lifestyle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fat intake should be reduced to lower the risk of CHD?

<p>Saturated fats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance in cigarette smoke increases the rate of cholesterol deposit in arteries?

<p>Nicotine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the build-up of cholesterol deposits on the inner walls of arteries?

<p>Atherosclerosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary component helps to reduce high blood pressure and cholesterol?

<p>Healthy balanced diet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can too much sugar in the diet cause, increasing risk of CHD?

<p>Diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a blood clot in a coronary artery?

<p>Coronary thrombosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is considered a healthy source of unsaturated fats?

<p>Oily fish (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?

<p>Genetic predisposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary change will reduce the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?

<p>Reduced salt intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component of cigarette smoke contributes to cholesterol buildup in arteries?

<p>Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age group is most likely to die of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?

<p>65 and older (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of dietary fat is recommended to reduce the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?

<p>Unsaturated fats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of regular exercise in relation to heart health?

<p>Lower cholesterol levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true concerning the risk of heart disease and gender?

<p>Men are at greater risk than pre-menopausal women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides diet and exercise, what is another modifiable risk factor for CHD?

<p>Stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is an ECG?

A test that monitors electrical activity in the heart muscle cells.

What does the 'P' wave on an ECG represent?

Shows the contraction of the atria.

What does the 'QRS' complex on an ECG represent?

Ventricular contraction.

What does the 'T' wave on an ECG represent?

Start of ventricular relaxation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is fibrillation?

Irregular heartbeat that has lost its rhythm.

Signup and view all the flashcards

'Lub' Heart Sound

The 'lub' sound is created by the closing of atrioventricular valves during ventricular contraction (systole).

Signup and view all the flashcards

'Dub' Heart Sound

The 'dub' sound is created by the closing of semilunar valves during ventricular relaxation (diastole).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stethoscope

Tool used by doctors to listen to heart sounds and detect irregularities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pulse

The surge of blood felt when the heart contracts, indicating one heartbeat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pulse Rate

Number of pulses per minute, reflecting a person's cardiovascular fitness.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cardiac Cycle

Alternate contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscle to maintain continuous blood circulation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Atrial Systole

The phase where both atria contract simultaneously, pushing blood into the ventricles through open tricuspid and bicuspid valves.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ventricular Systole

The phase where both ventricles contract, increasing blood pressure, closing the bicuspid and tricuspid valves ('lub' sound), and forcing open the semi-lunar valves to pump blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diastole

The phase where the ventricles relax, causing a drop in pressure that closes the semi-lunar valves to prevent backflow.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Records the electrical activity of the heart muscle cells to detect heart activity and identify problems.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heart Function

The heart maintains a continuous circulation of blood throughout the body by its alternate contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Measuring Heart Activity

The activity of the heart may be measured by electrocardiogram (ECG) using pulse rate and listening to sounds of valves closing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

Hardening and narrowing of arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Atherosclerosis

Build-up of cholesterol deposits (plaques) on the inner walls of arteries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Coronary Thrombosis

Blood clot in a coronary artery, blocking blood flow.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Angina

Chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heart Attack

Permanent damage to the heart muscle due to blocked blood supply.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Heart Failure

Heart's inability to pump blood effectively.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CHD Risk: Diet

Diets high in fats, sugars, and cholesterol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CHD Risk: Sedentary Lifestyle

Inactive lifestyle increasing CHD risk.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CHD Risk: Smoking

Nicotine and carbon monoxide increase cholesterol deposits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diet to Reduce CHD Risk

Unsaturated fats, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Diet and CHD Risk

High blood cholesterol from diet increases cholesterol deposits in arterial walls, raising CHD risk.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sedentary Lifestyle

An inactive lifestyle is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stress and CHD

Too much tension can increase cholesterol deposit in the arterial lining, causing heart disease.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Smoking and CHD

Nicotine and carbon monoxide increase cholesterol deposit in arterial walls, narrowing the lumen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Genetic Predisposition

Children of parents with heart disease are more likely to develop heart disease.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender and CHD

Men are at greater risk of heart disease than pre-menopausal women.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Healthy Diet & CHD

Eating a balanced diet and maintaining a healthy weight helps to reduce the risk of CHD.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Exercise and CHD

Regular exercise makes the heart and circulatory system more efficient and lowers cholesterol.

Signup and view all the flashcards

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser