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Questions and Answers
Correctly label the following internal anatomy of the heart.
Correctly label the following internal anatomy of the heart.
Missing labels for the internal anatomy of the heart.
Correctly label the following internal anatomy of the heart.
Correctly label the following internal anatomy of the heart.
Missing labels for the internal anatomy of the heart.
Place the labels in order denoting the flow of oxygenated blood through the heart beginning with the vessels that bring blood back to the heart from the lungs.
Place the labels in order denoting the flow of oxygenated blood through the heart beginning with the vessels that bring blood back to the heart from the lungs.
Missing labels for the flow of oxygenated blood.
Correctly label the following coronary blood vessels of the heart.
Correctly label the following coronary blood vessels of the heart.
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Correctly label these structures in this superior view of the heart.
Correctly label these structures in this superior view of the heart.
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A first degree block is caused by __________.
A first degree block is caused by __________.
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The rate of ventricular conduction is best determined by the __________ on an ECG.
The rate of ventricular conduction is best determined by the __________ on an ECG.
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An ECG tracing from someone with a third-degree AV block is best described as a tracing with a __________.
An ECG tracing from someone with a third-degree AV block is best described as a tracing with a __________.
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Correctly label the following external anatomy of the anterior heart.
Correctly label the following external anatomy of the anterior heart.
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Place the labels in order denoting the flow of blood through the pulmonary circulation beginning with the emptying of blood from the superior vena cavae.
Place the labels in order denoting the flow of blood through the pulmonary circulation beginning with the emptying of blood from the superior vena cavae.
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Identify which of the following are age-related changes of the heart.
Identify which of the following are age-related changes of the heart.
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Place the components of the electrical conducting system in order from the initiation of an action potential to the end:
Place the components of the electrical conducting system in order from the initiation of an action potential to the end:
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Correctly label the following parts of the heart valves.
Correctly label the following parts of the heart valves.
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Place the labels in their correct locations.
Place the labels in their correct locations.
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The semilunar valves remain open throughout the __________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
The semilunar valves remain open throughout the __________ phase of the cardiac cycle.
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The atria remain in diastole throughout both the __________ phases of the cardiac cycle.
The atria remain in diastole throughout both the __________ phases of the cardiac cycle.
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Positive inotropes allow the heart to pump __________ blood with fewer heart beats.
Positive inotropes allow the heart to pump __________ blood with fewer heart beats.
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They do this by __________ the end-systolic volume (ESV).
They do this by __________ the end-systolic volume (ESV).
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An individual with high blood pressure (hypertension) is expected to benefit from the administration of __________ inotropic drugs that __________ the heart's workload.
An individual with high blood pressure (hypertension) is expected to benefit from the administration of __________ inotropic drugs that __________ the heart's workload.
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The expected effect of the drug Digoxin is to __________ ventricular contraction and __________ stroke volume.
The expected effect of the drug Digoxin is to __________ ventricular contraction and __________ stroke volume.
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Identify whether each item would increase or decrease stroke volume.
Identify whether each item would increase or decrease stroke volume.
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Categorize the following as to whether each will increase or decrease mean arterial pressure.
Categorize the following as to whether each will increase or decrease mean arterial pressure.
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Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct.
Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct.
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Heart rate and stroke volume decrease under decreased parasympathetic stimulation.
Heart rate and stroke volume decrease under decreased parasympathetic stimulation.
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Chemoreceptors in the hypothalamus monitor blood carbon dioxide and pH.
Chemoreceptors in the hypothalamus monitor blood carbon dioxide and pH.
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Place the numbers in the locations corresponding to the correct sequence of blood flow to the heart, beginning with number 1.
Place the numbers in the locations corresponding to the correct sequence of blood flow to the heart, beginning with number 1.
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Correctly label the parts of this diagram of a normal electrocardiogram.
Correctly label the parts of this diagram of a normal electrocardiogram.
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Correctly label the following anatomical features of the thoracic cavity.
Correctly label the following anatomical features of the thoracic cavity.
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Categorize the following descriptions based on which ion is being described.
Categorize the following descriptions based on which ion is being described.
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Identify the following structures of the heart.
Identify the following structures of the heart.
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Correctly label the following coronary blood vessels of the heart.
Correctly label the following coronary blood vessels of the heart.
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Match the cardiac cycle event with the correct ventricular activity.
Match the cardiac cycle event with the correct ventricular activity.
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Label the components of the cardiac conduction system.
Label the components of the cardiac conduction system.
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Categorize the following statement as belonging to either sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation of the heart.
Categorize the following statement as belonging to either sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation of the heart.
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Tell whether true or false.
Tell whether true or false.
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The AV valves close in response to the __________.
The AV valves close in response to the __________.
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Action potentials received directly from __________ stimulate the papillary muscles to contract, allowing for the proper __________ of the AV valves.
Action potentials received directly from __________ stimulate the papillary muscles to contract, allowing for the proper __________ of the AV valves.
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Mitral valve prolapse severe enough to cause regurgitation may directly cause __________ pressure in the __________ atrium.
Mitral valve prolapse severe enough to cause regurgitation may directly cause __________ pressure in the __________ atrium.
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Label these baroreceptor/chemoreceptor reflex pathway components.
Label these baroreceptor/chemoreceptor reflex pathway components.
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Label the following external anatomy of the anterior heart.
Label the following external anatomy of the anterior heart.
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Angina is defined as:
Angina is defined as:
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Olivia's EKG was normal at the beginning of her stress test and symptoms and changes of ischemia only became evident once she began walking on the treadmill because of:
Olivia's EKG was normal at the beginning of her stress test and symptoms and changes of ischemia only became evident once she began walking on the treadmill because of:
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Risk factors for AS include:
Risk factors for AS include:
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The 'form' of blood cholesterol that reflects healthy cholesterol metabolism and is associated with a lowered AS risk is:
The 'form' of blood cholesterol that reflects healthy cholesterol metabolism and is associated with a lowered AS risk is:
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The statement that the risk factors for AS are synergistic means that:
The statement that the risk factors for AS are synergistic means that:
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A proven method for preventing atherosclerosis:
A proven method for preventing atherosclerosis:
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Olivia's doctor left a stent in her coronary artery after it had been successfully opened by angioplasty to prevent restenosis, true or false?
Olivia's doctor left a stent in her coronary artery after it had been successfully opened by angioplasty to prevent restenosis, true or false?
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Place the steps blood flow through the heart in the correct order.
Place the steps blood flow through the heart in the correct order.
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Label the coronary arteries in an anterior view of the heart.
Label the coronary arteries in an anterior view of the heart.
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Exercise has the following effects on cardiac output. (Check all that apply)
Exercise has the following effects on cardiac output. (Check all that apply)
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Then place each sentence in a logical order beginning with blood entering the right side of the heart.
Then place each sentence in a logical order beginning with blood entering the right side of the heart.
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Label the following internal anatomy of the heart.
Label the following internal anatomy of the heart.
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Drag each label into the appropriate position to characterize the events of a single heart cycle as seen on an EKG tracing.
Drag each label into the appropriate position to characterize the events of a single heart cycle as seen on an EKG tracing.
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Respond to the pop-up boxes by choosing the correct answers.
Respond to the pop-up boxes by choosing the correct answers.
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Study Notes
Heart Anatomy and Physiology
- The heart has specific internal and external anatomical features, including chambers, valves, and coronary blood vessels.
- Blood flow through the heart follows a defined pathway, starting from the lungs and returning to the left atrium after oxygenation.
- Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle itself, critical for its function and health.
Electrical Activity of the Heart
- The cardiac conduction system initiates action potentials, crucial for heart muscle contraction.
- An ECG recording can indicate various heart conditions, such as first-degree AV block characterized by delayed action potential between the SA and AV nodes.
- The relationship between P waves and QRS complexes helps identify particular types of heart blocks.
Cardiac Cycle and Blood Flow
- The cardiac cycle consists of systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation), impacting stroke volume and mean arterial pressure.
- Semilunar valves remain open during late ventricular systole, allowing blood ejection from the heart.
- Ventricular contraction strength can be influenced by pharmacological agents, positively affecting cardiac output.
Factors Affecting Cardiovascular Health
- Age-related changes in heart function can be assessed to understand cardiovascular health better.
- Risk factors for atherosclerosis (AS) include high LDL cholesterol and low HDL cholesterol levels, with a synergistic effect meaning multiple risks significantly increase disease likelihood.
- Regular exercise is known to positively impact cardiac output and overall heart function.
Clinical Implications and Measurements
- Monitoring blood pressure and recognizing symptoms like angina can indicate underlying heart issues.
- Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflex pathways are essential in regulating heart rate and ensuring proper blood flow according to the body's needs.
- Identifying and managing heart conditions through interventions such as stenting can prevent complications like restenosis.
Important Definitions
- Angina is chest pain due to insufficient coronary blood flow, specifically during exertion.
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is linked to lower risks of cardiovascular diseases, functioning as a marker of healthy metabolism.
- An understanding of the positioning of heart structures aids in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular conditions.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the cardiovascular system through these flashcards! This quiz focuses on labeling the internal anatomy of the heart and understanding the flow of oxygenated blood within it. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or preparing for exams.
