Cardiovascular System Anatomy and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the pericardium, the protective sac surrounding the heart?

  • To provide a smooth surface for the heart to move within the thoracic cavity (correct)
  • To anchor the heart in its position within the thoracic cavity
  • To supply nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle
  • To regulate the rate and force of heart contraction

    • Which layer of the cardiac wall is responsible for the pumping action of the heart?

  • Epicardium
  • Pericardium
  • Myocardium (correct)
  • Endocardium

    • What is the name of the condition where there is an increase in fluid within the pericardial cavity, leading to compression of the heart?

  • Coronary artery disease
  • Pericarditis
  • Cardiac tamponade (correct)
  • Myocardial infarction

    • What is the name of the condition where the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked, leading to reduced blood flow?

    <p>Coronary artery disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the heart valves?

    <p>To prevent backflow of blood between the heart chambers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the heart regulate blood supply to the body's tissues?

    <p>Both a and b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pericardium?

    <p>To protect the heart from external trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of cardiac tamponade?

    <p>Fluid accumulation in the pericardial space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the baroreceptor reflex help regulate blood flow?

    <p>It decreases heart rate in response to an increase in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key structural feature of the heart valves?

    <p>They have leaflets that open and close to control the direction of blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of coronary artery disease?

    <p>Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to plaque buildup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?

    <p>It increases heart rate through increased chronotropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pericardium?

    <p>To provide a protective fluid-filled sac around the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can result from excessive fluid buildup in the pericardial space?

    <p>Cardiac tamponade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cardiac valves?

    <p>To regulate blood flow between the atria and ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the cardiac valves anchored in place?

    <p>By fibrous rings and the cardiac skeleton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of coronary artery disease (CAD)?

    <p>Blockage or narrowing of the coronary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is typically the first to appear in the blood after a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?

    <p>Myoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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