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Y1S2 004 II Pharmacology: Cardiovascular

18 Questions

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Y1S2 004 II Pharmacology: Cardiovascular

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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of propranolol on the heart rate?

Initially increase, then decrease

No effect

Increase

Decrease (correct)

What is the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin?

Inhibition of smooth muscle contraction (correct)

Increase in calcium influx in the cell

Stimulation of smooth muscle contraction

Decrease in ATP production

What is the route of administration of propranolol?

Topical

Sublingual

Oral (correct)

Intravenous

What is the effect of nitroglycerin on blood pressure?

Decrease Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for the use of aspirin?

Reduce clot formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of nitroglycerin when administered intravenously?

2.8 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of digoxin in the treatment of congestive cardiac failure?

Binding to the Na+/K+ ATPase pump and increasing intracellular sodium concentrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of digoxin in the body?

36-40 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aspirin on prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis?

Aspirin spares prostacyclin synthesis at lower doses Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of digoxin in the treatment of cardiac conditions?

Congestive cardiac failure (CCF) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of digoxin's inhibition of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump in the heart?

Increased release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aspirin on platelet activation and aggregation?

Aspirin inhibits platelet activation and aggregation Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of aspirin at low dose?

7-9 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of heparin?

Inhibiting clotting factors: IIa, IXa, Xa, XIa and XIIa Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for heparin overdose?

Protamine sulphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?

Inhibiting the synthesis of clotting factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the International Normalized Ratio (INR) used for?

Monitoring warfarin therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for warfarin-induced skin necrosis?

Heparin Signup and view all the answers