Cardiovascular Pharmacology Quiz

ACE Inhibitors

• Anti-hypertensive drugs ending with 'peril' including Captopril, Enalapril, Fosinopril, Lisinopril, Perindopril, Quinapril, Ramipril, Trandolapril.
• Used to lower blood pressure and improve heart efficiency.

Alpha-Blockers

• End with 'rosin', such as Doxazosin, Parson, Terazosin.
• Exception: Indoramin, which does not follow the naming convention.
• Primarily used to reduce elevated blood pressure.

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

• Drugs that end with 'sartan', including Candesartan, Irbesartan, Losartan, Telmisarton, Valsarton.
• Function to lower blood pressure.

Class II Calcium Antagonists

• End with 'ipine', with examples including Amlodipine, Felodipine, Isradipine, Lacidipine, Nicardipine, Nifedipine.
• Indicated for lowering blood pressure and treating angina.
• Note: Carbamazepine and Olanzapine have similar endings but are different drug classes.

Beta-Blockers

• Typically end with 'lol' or 'olol', such as Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Metoprolol, Propranolol, Sotalol.
• Used to lower blood pressure and manage conditions like angina and anxiety.
• Distinct from drugs ending in 'mol', which often contain paracetamol.

Paracetamol

• Often found in combination drugs prefixed with 'co-', indicating a blend with other substances like Co-codamol (Codeine & Paracetamol).
• Acts as a painkiller and has antipyretic properties.
• Exception: Salbutamol, a bronchodilator, does not contain paracetamol.

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

• Many end in 'fen' but not exclusively, with examples like Aceclofenac, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen.
• Function as anti-inflammatory painkillers by reducing prostaglandin levels.
• Exception: Tamoxifen is not an NSAID despite its name.

Phenothiazines

• Typically end with 'zine', including Leveomepromazine, Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine.
• Originally developed as antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia, now also treat nausea and vomiting.

Antihistamines

• Commonly end in 'zine', such as Cinnarizine, Cyclizine, Promethazine.
• Used to treat allergic reactions and can function as antiemetics.
• Exceptions: Hydralazine and Mesalazine are not anti-emetics.

5HT3 Antagonists

• All end with 'setron', including Granisetron, Ondansetron, Tropisetron.
• Primarily used to treat severe nausea and vomiting.

H2 Blockers

• End with 'idine', such as Cimetidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine, Ranitidine.
• Used for conditions like esophageal reflux, dyspepsia, and gastric ulcers.
• Exceptions: Clonidine, Moxonidine, and Chlorhexidine, which serve different purposes.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

• End with 'prazole', including Lansoprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole.
• Indicated for the treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers.

Antibiotics

• Many end with 'cillin' or 'cin', including Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Penicillin, and Azithromycin.
• Used to treat bacterial infections.
• Notable exceptions: Ceftazidime, Ceftriazone, Cephalexin, and Metronidazole that do not follow typical naming conventions.