Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which drug is used to treat hypertension by functioning as an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist?
Which drug is used to treat hypertension by functioning as an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist?
- Metoprolol
- Losartan
- Prazosin
- Clonidine (correct)
Which of the following drugs decreases calcium ion conductance and is used in the treatment of arrhythmias?
Which of the following drugs decreases calcium ion conductance and is used in the treatment of arrhythmias?
- Lidocaine
- Verapamil (correct)
- Amiodarone
- Quinidine
A patient with hypertension is prescribed losartan. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?
A patient with hypertension is prescribed losartan. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?
- ACE inhibitor
- AT1 receptor antagonist (correct)
- Beta-1 adrenergic antagonist
- Diuretic promoting Na+ & H2O excretion
Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which sodium nitroprusside lowers blood pressure?
Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which sodium nitroprusside lowers blood pressure?
Which drug is recognized as a cardiac glycoside that inhibits the Na+/K+ ATPase pump?
Which drug is recognized as a cardiac glycoside that inhibits the Na+/K+ ATPase pump?
A patient is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. How does this drug lower blood pressure?
A patient is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. How does this drug lower blood pressure?
Which of the following medications used to treat hypertension also has a contraindication when used with sildenafil?
Which of the following medications used to treat hypertension also has a contraindication when used with sildenafil?
A patient is prescribed amiodarone for the treatment of arrhythmias. What is the primary mechanism of action of this drug?
A patient is prescribed amiodarone for the treatment of arrhythmias. What is the primary mechanism of action of this drug?
Which of the following drugs is classified as a beta-1 adrenergic antagonist?
Which of the following drugs is classified as a beta-1 adrenergic antagonist?
Enalapril is prescribed for a patient with congestive heart failure. What is its mechanism of action?
Enalapril is prescribed for a patient with congestive heart failure. What is its mechanism of action?
Which of the following medications would be most appropriate for a patient experiencing both hypertension and angina?
Which of the following medications would be most appropriate for a patient experiencing both hypertension and angina?
A patient is prescribed quinidine. What is its primary mechanism of action in treating arrhythmias?
A patient is prescribed quinidine. What is its primary mechanism of action in treating arrhythmias?
Which drug is a non-selective beta-blocker, antagonizing both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors?
Which drug is a non-selective beta-blocker, antagonizing both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors?
Which of the following drugs used for congestive heart failure acts as a diuretic, increasing sodium and water excretion?
Which of the following drugs used for congestive heart failure acts as a diuretic, increasing sodium and water excretion?
A patient is experiencing angina. Which of these medications increases cGMP levels to cause vasodilation and relieve chest pain?
A patient is experiencing angina. Which of these medications increases cGMP levels to cause vasodilation and relieve chest pain?
Which of the following drugs, used to treat hypertension, functions as an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist?
Which of the following drugs, used to treat hypertension, functions as an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist?
A patient with hypertension also has a history of asthma. Which antihypertensive medication should be used with caution?
A patient with hypertension also has a history of asthma. Which antihypertensive medication should be used with caution?
Which of the following diuretics is often used in the treatment of hypertension, promoting the excretion of sodium and water?
Which of the following diuretics is often used in the treatment of hypertension, promoting the excretion of sodium and water?
A patient with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. What change in cardiac function is expected due to this medication?
A patient with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. What change in cardiac function is expected due to this medication?
Which of the following drugs is correctly paired with its primary mechanism of action?
Which of the following drugs is correctly paired with its primary mechanism of action?
Flashcards
Hypertension Sympatholytics
Hypertension Sympatholytics
Drugs like clonidine, metoprolol, propranolol, and prazosin used to treat hypertension.
Hypertension Vasodilators
Hypertension Vasodilators
Drugs like sodium nitroprusside and verapamil that widen blood vessels to reduce blood pressure.
Hypertension ACE Inhibitors
Hypertension ACE Inhibitors
Drugs like enalapril that inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme to lower blood pressure.
Hypertension AT1-antagonists
Hypertension AT1-antagonists
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Hypertension Diuretics
Hypertension Diuretics
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Angina Vasodilators
Angina Vasodilators
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Angina Sympatholytics
Angina Sympatholytics
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CHF Sympatholytics
CHF Sympatholytics
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CHF Vasodilators
CHF Vasodilators
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CHF ACE Inhibitors
CHF ACE Inhibitors
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CHF AT1-antagonists
CHF AT1-antagonists
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CHF Diuretics
CHF Diuretics
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CHF Cardiac Glycosides
CHF Cardiac Glycosides
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Arrhythmias Sympatholytics
Arrhythmias Sympatholytics
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Arrhythmias Na+ Channel Blockers
Arrhythmias Na+ Channel Blockers
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Arrhythmias K+ Channel Blockers
Arrhythmias K+ Channel Blockers
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Arrhythmias Ca+2 Channel Blockers
Arrhythmias Ca+2 Channel Blockers
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Clonidine's Action
Clonidine's Action
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Prazosin's Action
Prazosin's Action
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Nitric Oxide Mechanism
Nitric Oxide Mechanism
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Study Notes
- Cardiovascular pharmacology involves the use of drugs to treat various heart conditions.
Hypertension
- Sympatholytics like clonidine, metoprolol, propranolol, and prazosin can be used.
- Vasodilators like sodium nitroprusside and verapamil are options.
- ACE Inhibitors like enalapril are effective.
- AT1-antagonists like losartan can be prescribed.
- Diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide are also used.
Angina
- Vasodilators like nitroglycerin and verapamil are treatment options.
- Sympatholytics such as propranolol and metoprolol are other drug options.
Congestive Heart Failure
- Sympatholytics like metoprolol and propranolol can be used.
- Vasodilators such as nitroglycerin are another option.
- ACE Inhibitors like enalapril can be prescribed.
- AT1-antagonists like losartan are also used.
- Diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide are effective.
- Cardiac glycosides like digoxin are another option for treatment.
Arrhythmias
- Sympatholytics like propranolol, and metoprolol can be used.
- Na+ channel blockers like quinidine and lidocaine are effective.
- K+ channel blockers such as amiodarone are another option for treatment.
- Ca+2 channel blockers such as verapamil can also be used.
Drug Actions
- Clonidine functions as an α2 agonist.
- Prazosin functions as an α1 antagonist.
- Metoprolol functions as a β1 antagonist.
- Propranolol functions as a β1, β2 antagonist.
- Sodium nitroprusside increases NO to cGMP.
- Nitroglycerin increases NO to cGMP.
- Verapamil decreases Ca+2 conductance.
- Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor.
- Losartan functions as an AT1 receptor antagonist.
- Hydrochlorothiazide increases Na+ and H2O excretion.
- Furosemide increases Na+ and H2O excretion.
- Digoxin inhibits the Na+/K+ ATPase.
- Quinidine decreases Na+ conductance.
- Lidocaine decreases Na+ conductance.
- Amiodarone decreases K+ conductance, also affecting other ion channels.
Drug Interaction
- Nitroglycerin and sildenafil (Viagra) have a significant drug interaction, and patients should be counselled about this.
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