30 Questions
What is the primary indication of the height of pitting edema on a limb?
The degree of heart failure
What would the RCP conclude from observing a pattern of pulsus paradoxus on a patient's arterial blood pressure monitoring screen?
The patient has respiratory distress
Which of the following would cause a tracheal shift to the left?
Right sided closed (tension) pneumothorax
What is the primary pathology associated with purulent (yellow or green) sputum?
Acute bronchitis
What is not a critical element of a patient's social and environmental history?
Drugs and medications
What is the term used to describe the breathing pattern characterized by increasing depth and rate, followed by a period of apnea?
Cheyne-Stokes breathing
What is the graphic representation of musical wheezing sounds?
Jagged zigzag lines
What is the characteristic of fine crackles?
Thought to be caused by the sudden opening of collapsed alveolar units
What is the possible cause of coarse crackles?
Excessive secretions in the larger airways
What is the characteristic of coarse crackles?
Low-pitched sounds
What is the timing of adventitious sounds indicated by in the graphic representation?
The position of the extra graphics on the underlying breath sound diagonal line
What is the possible cause of fine crackles?
Interstitial processes like pulmonary edema or fibrosis
What does the pitch of wheezes usually reflect?
The degree of airway narrowing
What is the characteristic of musical wheezes?
Continuous sounds
What is the graphic representation of adventitious sounds?
Circles and zigzag lines
What is the primary cause of normal breath sounds?
Turbulent airflow in the airways
What is characteristic of abnormal breath sounds?
Caused by altered airflow patterns
What is the relationship between the amplitude of the sound and the size of the airways?
The amplitude of the sound is directly related to the size of the airways
What is the classification of adventitious breath sounds based on?
Their nature
What is characteristic of adventitious breath sounds?
Sounds that are added to an underlying normal or abnormal breath sound
Which of the following is an example of abnormal breath sounds?
Sounds with an abnormal I:E duration
What is the usual cause of bronchial and bronchovesicular sounds being heard in peripheral areas of the chest?
Bronchial inflammation
What is the term used to describe breath sounds that are classified as either normal or abnormal?
Breath sounds
What is the purpose of asking the patient to say 'ninety-nine' several times during the tactile vocal fremitus examination?
To detect vibrations transmitted through the airways to the lung
What is indicated by increased tactile vocal fremitus?
Consolidation of lung tissue
What is the characteristic of consolidated lung tissue?
It is denser and more airless
What is a possible cause of decreased tactile vocal fremitus?
Obesity or muscularity
What is the term used to describe the hardening of normally soft tissue?
Induration
What is the characteristic of the sound produced during palpation of consolidated lung tissue?
Dull or flat sound
What is the radiological characteristic of consolidated lung tissue?
Radiopaque areas on the chest film
Test your knowledge of cardiovascular medicine with this quiz, covering topics such as pitting edema, heart failure, and blood pressure monitoring. Identify the correct statements and diagnose various conditions. How well do you know your cardiovascular medicine?
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