Questions and Answers
What occurs when a dissecting aortic aneurysm happens?
The inner layers of the aorta become separated.
What happens during angina pectoris?
Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
What causes cardiogenic shock following an AMI?
Decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
Where does deoxygenated blood from the body return to?
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What is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system in contrast to the sympathetic nervous system?
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Most patients are instructed by their physician to take up to _____ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMS.
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What is the condition of narrowing of the coronary arteries by a buildup of fatty deposits called?
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What should the EMT do prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient?
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What is the primary advantage of the AED for EMTs?
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Where does the electrical impulse generated by the heart originate?
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What do the iliac arteries immediately subdivide into?
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What is the MOST common reason that many people experiencing AMI do not seek immediate medical attention?
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What area does the right coronary artery supply blood to?
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What is the MOST important action when arriving at the residence of a patient with a possible cardiac problem?
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What should EMTs do when documenting a patient's description of chest pain or discomfort?
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Where should the LL and RL electrodes be placed when obtaining a 12-lead ECG?
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Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?
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Which of the following medications is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger?
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Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
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Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?
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Study Notes
Aortic Aneurysm
- A dissecting aortic aneurysm involves separation of the inner layers of the aorta.
Angina Pectoris
- Occurs when myocardial oxygen demand surpasses the oxygen supply.
Cardiogenic Shock
- Results from decreased pumping force of the heart muscle following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Blood Circulation
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart's right atrium from the body.
Nervous System Responses
- The parasympathetic nervous system slows heart and respiratory rates, contrasting with sympathetic responses.
Nitroglycerin Usage
- Patients are generally instructed to take up to three doses of nitroglycerin before contacting emergency medical services (EMS).
Atherosclerosis
- Defined as the narrowing of coronary arteries due to fatty deposit buildup.
AED Preparation
- EMTs must dry the patient’s chest if it is wet before attaching an Automated External Defibrillator (AED).
AED Advantage
- The AED provides immediate defibrillation for patients experiencing ventricular fibrillation.
Electrical Impulse Origin
- The heart’s electrical impulse originates in the coronary sinus.
Iliac and Femoral Arteries
- Iliac arteries divide into femoral arteries, supplying blood to the lower extremities.
Response to AMI
- Denial is a common reason many individuals with AMI do not seek immediate medical help.
Right Coronary Artery
- Supplies blood to the right ventricle and the inferior wall of the left ventricle.
Scene Assessment
- Assessing the scene for hazards is critical upon arriving for a patient with a potential cardiac issue.
Documentation of Pain
- EMTs should document a patient's chest pain using their own words for accuracy.
ECG Preparation
- The left leg (LL) and right leg (RL) electrodes for a 12-lead ECG are to be placed on the thighs or ankles.
Oxygenated Blood Vessels
- Pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Medication for Chest Pain
- Aspirin is commonly administered to patients experiencing chest pain to prevent clot formation.
Signs of Heart Failure
- Dependent edema is a typical sign observed in patients suffering from right-sided heart failure.
Nitroglycerin Efficacy
- Nitroglycerin typically relieves symptoms of anginal chest pain within approximately five minutes.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts related to cardiovascular emergencies, including aortic aneurysms, angina pectoris, and cardiogenic shock. Additionally, it delves into the proper use of nitroglycerin and AEDs in emergency situations. Test your knowledge of blood circulation and nervous system responses in critical care.
