Cardiovascular Conditions Quiz

Overview of Cardiovascular Conditions and Management

• Acute bronchitis has no contraindication, but thoracic drop should be avoided. Hydration and lifestyle changes can strengthen immunity. Bronchodilators are effective for wheezing COPD.
• Asthma patients should be reassured and seated with arms resting on a table. Loosen clothes and administer medication, and call an ambulance if symptoms worsen. Long-term corticosteroid usage requires care for osteoporosis.
• DVT diagnosis involves D-Dimer blood clot checks, duplex ultrasonography, and patient history. Anticoagulants and surgery have a good prognosis, especially for transient risk factors. Compression gear should be worn with caution and leg checks.
• PE warning signs include pleuritic chest pain, altered mental status, and diaphoresis. Diagnosis of exclusion involves chest x-ray, CT angiography, ECG, and D-dimer. Oxygen therapy, anti-thrombolytic therapy, and anticoagulant therapy are effective treatments.
• Pneumonia diagnosis involves lab tests, culture, sputum tests, and chest x-ray. Treatment includes anti-biotics, fluid, oxygen, and vaccination. Same chiroman as acute bronchitis.
• Angina pectoris diagnosis involves ECG and coronary angiography. Diabetes 2 worsens prognosis, and unstable angina requires risk management and post-surgical consideration.
• Myocardial infarction diagnosis involves ECG and cardiac markers. Coronary angiography is necessary, and managing thrombosis requires rest and aspirin.
• Arrhythmia diagnosis involves ECG, antiarrhythmic drugs, pacemakers, and implantable cardioverter defibrillators.
• Congestive heart failure diagnosis involves lab tests, chest x-ray, ECG, surgery, and drugs. Lifestyle changes, respiratory rehab, and social council are important.
• Pericarditis causes sharp, radiating pain and may lead to cardiac tamponade. Pericardiocentesis, eliminating causative drugs, aspirin/NSAIDs for pain, and antibiotics are effective treatments.
• Arterial hypertension diagnosis involves BP tests in supine and standing positions on three separate days and testing on the thigh if the femoral pulse is diminished. Survival rates are low without care, and drugs, smoking cessation, exercise, and weight loss can help.
• Atherosclerosis is asymptomatic until lumen reduction reaches 70%. Aggressive lifestyle changes, antiplatelet drugs, hypertension drugs, and exercise are necessary. AAA causes deep, boring pain in the lumbo-sacral region and requires ultrasound and atherosclerosis management. Emergency surgery is necessary for severe tearing pain.
• Raynaud's primary and secondary diagnosis involves skin problems, lab tests, and asymmetry. Avoiding triggers, smoking cessation, relaxation therapy, and vasodilating Ca channel blockers can help. Aortic dissection diagnosis involves chest