84 Questions
What is the main cause of hyperglycemia in NIDDM (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus)?
Loss of normal tissue sensitivity to insulin
Which type of diabetes is typically managed with oral hypoglycemic drugs?
NIDDM (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus)
What is the primary function of diuretics in the management of heart disease?
Assist the body to remove salt and water, reducing swelling
Which antibiotic class is typically more effective against gram-positive bacteria?
Penicillins
What is the primary mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Which of the following is a key difference between IDDM and NIDDM?
IDDM is caused by autoimmunity, while NIDDM is caused by insulin resistance
What is the primary purpose of nitrates in the management of cardiovascular disease?
Dilate blood vessels to improve blood flow and reduce angina
What is the main function of sedatives in the hospital setting?
To induce sleep and reduce anxiety in patients
Which type of anesthetic is most suitable for major abdominal and thoracic surgery?
General anesthetic
What is a common risk factor for patients being prescribed anticoagulants?
Hypertension
What is the purpose of analgesics?
To relieve pain
Which group of drugs includes Pethidine and Morphine?
Narcotics
What do local analgesics do?
Prevent sensation to a specific area
Which drug does not require a prescription according to the text?
Paracetamol
What specific challenge can narcotics cause for clients who use them in hospital for long periods?
Constipation
Which group of drugs is designed to reduce inflammation?
Anti-inflammatory drugs
What is the purpose of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories (NSAIDs)?
Reduce inflammation and pain
Which group of medications are known for reducing the amount of acid produced by the stomach lining cells?
Proton pump inhibitors
What do H2 Receptor Antagonists primarily treat?
Heartburn
Which category of medications is commonly used to encourage bronchodilation in asthma attacks?
β2 Agonists
How do Inhaled Corticosteroids primarily function?
Suppress inflammation
Which group of medications is known for preventing nausea and/or vomiting?
Anti-emetics
What is the primary purpose of Steroidal Anti-inflammatories (SAIDS)?
Relieve pain and inflammation
What is the main function of Mucolytics?
Break up secretions for easier removal
What condition are Proton Pump Inhibitors primarily prescribed for?
Gastric ulcers and acid-related disorders
What is the role of β2 Agonists in asthma management?
Encourage bronchodilation during an asthma attack
What is the primary role of a physiotherapist regarding a client's medication?
To understand the side effects of common medications in their practice context
Why is it important for a physiotherapist working in an outpatient respiratory clinic to understand the side effects of common respiratory medications?
To discuss the client's progress and how they are managing their disease
If a client tells a physiotherapist that their regular medication has changed and they feel it is affecting their sleep, appetite, and balance, what is the appropriate action for the physiotherapist to take?
Inform the doctor of the client's concerns and suggest a medication refinement
If a client's oxygen saturation drops during physiotherapy treatment and does not respond to physiotherapy interventions, what should the physiotherapist do?
Inform the nursing staff and suggest the client might be appropriate for oxygen therapy
What is the main reason why a physiotherapist working on an oncology ward should understand the pattern of chemotherapy in terms of when clients begin to feel unwell and when they start to recover?
To inform the exercise regimen they develop for clients undergoing chemotherapy
If a client is experiencing nausea after a surgery, what is the appropriate action for the physiotherapist to take?
Approach the nursing staff and ask if the client can be prescribed an anti-emetic medication
What is the advantage of providing post-operative analgesia via IV infusion compared to IM administration?
Eliminates peaks and troughs of drug levels
Which route of drug administration is characterized by self-administration of small doses by clients through a microprocessor-controlled pump?
PCA
What is a common side effect associated with epidural analgesia?
Urinary retention
Which drug administration route requires a working gut for absorption, which might not be present immediately after major surgery?
Oral
What is the primary advantage of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in post-operative care?
Client autonomy in pain management
Which drug administration route is known for providing a more continuous blood concentration of opioids compared to others?
IV infusion
What type of pain is intrapleural analgesia most effective for?
Incisional pain
What is a significant disadvantage of IM drug administration for post-operative analgesia?
Painful administration
What is the purpose of a lock-out interval in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)?
To prevent overdose by restricting the frequency of doses
What is a common drawback associated with epidural analgesia using a client-controlled system (PECA)?
Increased risk of respiratory depression
What is the main purpose of analgesics?
To relieve pain
What type of pain is intrapleural analgesia most effective for?
Pain in the chest cavity
What is the primary function of nitrates in the management of cardiovascular disease?
To dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow
What do local analgesics do?
Prevent sensation to a specific area
What is the main role of a physiotherapist regarding a client's medication?
To understand the purpose and potential side effects of the medications
What is the advantage of providing post-operative analgesia via IV infusion compared to IM administration?
IV infusion provides a more continuous blood concentration of opioids
What is the appropriate action for a physiotherapist if a client tells them that their regular medication has changed and is affecting their sleep, appetite, and balance?
Approach the doctor and inform them of the changes, suggesting that refinement might be necessary.
If a client's oxygen saturation drops during physiotherapy treatment and does not respond to interventions, what should the physiotherapist do?
Inform nursing staff and suggest that the client might be appropriate for oxygen therapy.
Why is it important for a physiotherapist working in an outpatient respiratory clinic to understand the side effects of common respiratory medications?
To discuss the client's progress and how they are managing their disease.
What is the primary advantage of providing post-operative analgesia via IV infusion compared to IM administration?
IV infusion provides a more continuous blood concentration of opioids.
What is the main function of sedatives in the hospital setting?
To induce relaxation, calmness, and sleepiness.
What is the primary role of a physiotherapist regarding a client's medication?
To approach doctors and suggest considerations for prescribing or changing medication.
What is the primary cause of hyperglycemia in NIDDM?
Loss of normal tissue sensitivity to insulin (insulin resistance)
What is the main function of diuretics in the management of heart disease?
Assisting the body to remove salt and water, which reduces swelling
What is the primary role of sedatives in the hospital setting?
To sedate patients
What is the purpose of anti-coagulants in patient care?
To act as blood thinners and prevent clotting
What is the main function of antibiotics in healthcare?
To treat infections caused by bacteria
What is the primary function of anti-fungal medications?
To treat fungal infections
What is the main purpose of general anesthetic in surgery?
To provide unconsciousness, amnesia, and analgesia
What is the primary function of cardiovascular medications known as nitrates?
To dilate vessels and improve blood flow to the heart
What is the main function of sedatives like Diazepam and Midazolam?
To induce sedation and calmness
What is the primary mechanism of action of penicillins such as Amoxycillin?
Works best on gram-positive bacteria
What is the primary function of H2 Receptor Antagonists?
To reduce the amount of acid produced by the cells in the lining of the stomach
What is the main function of β2 Agonists in asthma management?
To encourage bronchodilation through the relaxation of smooth muscle
What do Inhaled Corticosteroids primarily do?
Suppress inflammation to prevent asthma attacks
What condition are Proton Pump Inhibitors primarily prescribed for?
Heartburn and acid-related disorders like GORD
What is the main purpose of Mucolytics?
To break up secretions so they are easier to mobilize and remove
What is the main purpose of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories (NSAIDs)?
To provide pain relief by reducing inflammation
What type of pain is intrapleural analgesia most effective for?
Pain associated with the chest cavity or pleura
What is the primary purpose of Steroidal Anti-inflammatories (SAIDS)?
To reduce inflammation and manage conditions like osteoporosis
What do Anti-emetics primarily prevent?
Nausea and/or vomiting
What is the main function of diuretics in the management of heart disease?
To reduce fluid retention and lower blood pressure
What is the advantage of providing post-operative analgesia via IV infusion compared to IM administration?
Rapid onset of action and lower dose continuous infusion eliminates peaks and troughs.
What is the main function of Mucolytics?
To help break down and clear mucus from the airways.
What is the purpose of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories (NSAIDs)?
To reduce pain and inflammation.
Which group of medications is known for preventing nausea and/or vomiting?
Antiemetics.
What is a common side effect associated with epidural analgesia?
Nausea/vomiting, urinary retention, headache, neck stiffness.
What do local analgesics do?
Block pain signals at the site of application.
What is a common drawback associated with epidural analgesia using a client-controlled system (PECA)?
Improper programming and some clients cannot use it.
What type of pain is intrapleural analgesia most effective for?
Incisional pain.
What is the main reason why a physiotherapist working on an oncology ward should understand the pattern of chemotherapy in terms of when clients begin to feel unwell and when they start to recover?
To provide appropriate support and adjust therapy timing.
What is the primary advantage of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in post-operative care?
Client autonomy and immediate pain relief.
This quiz revisits common medications relevant to the cardiorespiratory field, assuming prior pharmacology knowledge from undergraduate studies. It helps in reinforcing understanding of medications used in this area, without the need to memorize specific names.
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