Cardiomyopathy Quiz: Focus on Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following authors contributed to the assessment of the cardiovascular system?

C.R. Rebar (correct)

N. Holland

M.M. Harding

S.E. Perry

In which edition of the work does the concept of care for patients with cardiac problems appear?

12th edition

7th edition

10th edition (correct)

6th edition

What is the focus of Lewis's medical-surgical nursing text?

Assessment and management of clinical problems (correct)

Pharmacology for nurses

Pathophysiologic approaches

Concepts of professional collaborative care

Who is NOT mentioned as a co-author in the provided references?

C. Urban Signup and view all the answers

Which publication year corresponds with the analysis of drug therapy for heart failure?

2020 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of interventions for dilated cardiomyopathy?

To control heart failure Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is commonly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Exertional dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic test is crucial for identifying hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to its characteristic findings?

Echocardiography Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes restrictive cardiomyopathy?

Involves impaired diastolic filling and a stiff ventricular wall Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacological intervention is commonly used for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy management?

Beta-blockers Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of dilated cardiomyopathy?

Dyspnea at rest Signup and view all the answers

In restrictive cardiomyopathy, what is a typical diagnostic method used to evaluate condition severity?

Echocardiography Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient with cardiomyopathy experiencing fatigue?

Activity Intolerance Signup and view all the answers

What is a conventional treatment for restrictive cardiomyopathy?

Heart transplant Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy is most often asymptomatic until advanced stages?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiomyopathy

A group of diseases impacting the heart muscle, causing structural and functional abnormalities
Prevents the heart from pumping blood efficiently, leading to symptoms
There are three main types:
- Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM)

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

Primarily impacts the myocardium, with genetic and acquired causes
Common acquired causes include alcohol related damage
Characterized by diffuse inflammation and rapid degeneration of heart fibers

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) - Clinical Manifestations

May be asymptomatic or develop symptoms acutely or gradually
Common symptoms include:
- Decreased exercise capacity
- Fatigue
- Dyspnea at rest
- Orthopnea

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) - Diagnostics

Echocardiography
Ejection Fraction
Chest X-ray
ECG
Labs
Heart Catheterization
Endomyocardial Biopsy

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) - Interventions

Primary goal is to control heart failure
Treatment is based on disease progression
Pharmacological therapy
Non-pharmacological therapy options include:
- Ventricular Assist Device (VAD)
- Heart transplant
Overall poor prognosis

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

Etiology is largely genetic
Characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation
Early identification is crucial
Four main characteristics include:
- Massive ventricular hypertrophy
- Rapid, forceful contraction of the left ventricle
- Impaired relaxation
- Obstruction to aortic outflow

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) - Clinical Manifestations

May be asymptomatic
Many patients experience:
- Exertional dyspnea
- Fatigue
- Angina
- Syncope

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) - Diagnostics

Chest palpation
Auscultation
ECG
Echocardiography
Heart Catheterization
Nuclear Stress Test

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) - Interventions

Goal is to improve ventricular filling
Pharmacological therapy
Cardioverter-Defibrillator
AV Pacing
Surgical interventions
Non-Surgical procedures
Symptom Relief, Observing and Preventing complications
Focused patient education

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCM)

Least common type
Impairs diastolic filling and stretch
Specific cause is unknown
Ventricular wall becomes stiff

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCM) - Clinical Manifestations

Classic symptoms include:
- Fatigue
- Exercise intolerance
- Dyspnea

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCM) - Diagnostics

Chest X-ray
EKG
Echocardiography
Endomyocardial biopsy
CT scan
Nuclear imaging

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCM) - Interventions

No specific treatment
Conventional therapy for heart failure and dysrhythmias
Heart transplant
Nursing care similar to heart failure
Patient education

Cardiomyopathy - Patient/Family Education

Medications
Diet
Fluids
Activity
When to contact the provider
Caregivers should learn CPR

Nursing Diagnoses for Cardiomyopathy

Impaired Gas Exchange
Decreased Cardiac Output
Activity Intolerance
Ineffective Coping
Excess Fluid Volume
Fluid Volume Deficit
Risk for Infection
Impaired Tissue Perfusion
Anxiety
Altered Nutrition: Less than Body requirements
Knowledge Deficit
(Risk for) Impaired Skin Integrity

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Description

Test your knowledge on cardiomyopathy, specifically focusing on dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This quiz covers its causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and impacts on heart function. Understand the complexities of this heart disease and enhance your medical knowledge.