Cardiomyopathies: Types, Aetiologies, and Clinical Manifestations
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Questions and Answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy is characterized by alterations of chamber compliance and increased volume?

  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (correct)
  • Ischaemic cardiomyopathy
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • What is a common associated condition with dilated cardiomyopathy?

  • Untreated hypertension (correct)
  • Inherited defect of muscle deficiency
  • Accumulations of abnormal substances between myocytes
  • Sinoatrial tachycardia
  • Which type of cardiomyopathy presents with contractility normal and compliance decreased, particularly in the left ventricle?

  • Secondary cardiomyopathies
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy (correct)
  • What is a characteristic feature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

    <p>Tachydysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition has been identified as a transient, reversible left ventricular dysfunction in response to profound psychological or emotional stress?

    <p>Stress or takotsubo cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of cardiomyopathy do we observe accumulations of abnormal substances between myocytes (extracellular) & within myocytes (intracellular)?

    <p>Secondary cardiomyopathies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major classifications of cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Primary and secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cardiomyopathy shows abnormal diastolic filling and intermittent left ventricular outflow obstruction?

    <p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of genetic cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Abnormal ventricular septum thickening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cardiomyopathy is usually of other origin in an inflammatory process?

    <p>Dilated cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do primary and secondary cardiomyopathies relate to?

    <p>Mechanical problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cardiomyopathy involves disproportionate ventricular septum thickening?

    <p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy with myofibril disarray and increased cardiac fibrosis?

    <p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?

    <p>Hypertrophied left ventricle with reduced chamber size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cardiomyopathy causes right-sided heart failure and rhythm disturbances?

    <p>Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition may mimic acute coronary syndrome due to similar presenting symptoms?

    <p>Stress or 'Takotsubo' cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cardiomyopathy is manifested by signs of systolic dysfunction and heart failure in the last month of pregnancy?

    <p>Dilated cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

    <p>Progressive cardiac dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common identifiable cause of Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) in the United States and Europe?

    <p>Alcoholism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cancer chemotherapeutic agent is known for its cumulative dose-dependent cardiac toxicity?

    <p>Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which autoimmune disorder is not listed as a condition associated with secondary cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Multiple sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which endocrine disorder is associated with secondary cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which familial storage disease is linked to secondary cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Hemochromatosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutritional deficiency is mentioned in relation to secondary cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Thiamine deficiency (beriberi)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

    <p>Hypercontractility of the left ventricular apical region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suggested mechanism for myocardial stunning in stress cardiomyopathy like takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

    <p>Coronary artery spasm or microvascular spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does left ventricular function typically recover in takotsubo cardiomyopathy when catecholamine levels normalize?

    <p>Interventricular gradient resolves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key similarity between takotsubo cardiomyopathy and heart failure in terms of treatment?

    <p>Treatment similarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes a heart muscle disease that occurs alongside a multisystem disorder?

    <p>Secondary cardiomyopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the accumulation of abnormal substances in secondary cardiomyopathies?

    <p>Accumulation within myocytes (intracellular)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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