Cardiomyopathies: Types, Aetiologies, and Clinical Manifestations

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Questions and Answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy is characterized by alterations of chamber compliance and increased volume?

  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (correct)
  • Ischaemic cardiomyopathy
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

What is a common associated condition with dilated cardiomyopathy?

  • Untreated hypertension (correct)
  • Inherited defect of muscle deficiency
  • Accumulations of abnormal substances between myocytes
  • Sinoatrial tachycardia

Which type of cardiomyopathy presents with contractility normal and compliance decreased, particularly in the left ventricle?

  • Secondary cardiomyopathies
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy (correct)

What is a characteristic feature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

<p>Tachydysrhythmias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition has been identified as a transient, reversible left ventricular dysfunction in response to profound psychological or emotional stress?

<p>Stress or takotsubo cardiomyopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of cardiomyopathy do we observe accumulations of abnormal substances between myocytes (extracellular) & within myocytes (intracellular)?

<p>Secondary cardiomyopathies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major classifications of cardiomyopathies?

<p>Primary and secondary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy shows abnormal diastolic filling and intermittent left ventricular outflow obstruction?

<p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of genetic cardiomyopathies?

<p>Abnormal ventricular septum thickening (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy is usually of other origin in an inflammatory process?

<p>Dilated cardiomyopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do primary and secondary cardiomyopathies relate to?

<p>Mechanical problems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy involves disproportionate ventricular septum thickening?

<p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy with myofibril disarray and increased cardiac fibrosis?

<p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?

<p>Hypertrophied left ventricle with reduced chamber size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy causes right-sided heart failure and rhythm disturbances?

<p>Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition may mimic acute coronary syndrome due to similar presenting symptoms?

<p>Stress or 'Takotsubo' cardiomyopathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiomyopathy is manifested by signs of systolic dysfunction and heart failure in the last month of pregnancy?

<p>Dilated cardiomyopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

<p>Progressive cardiac dilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common identifiable cause of Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) in the United States and Europe?

<p>Alcoholism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cancer chemotherapeutic agent is known for its cumulative dose-dependent cardiac toxicity?

<p>Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which autoimmune disorder is not listed as a condition associated with secondary cardiomyopathies?

<p>Multiple sclerosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which endocrine disorder is associated with secondary cardiomyopathies?

<p>Hypothyroidism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which familial storage disease is linked to secondary cardiomyopathies?

<p>Hemochromatosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutritional deficiency is mentioned in relation to secondary cardiomyopathies?

<p>Thiamine deficiency (beriberi) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

<p>Hypercontractility of the left ventricular apical region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested mechanism for myocardial stunning in stress cardiomyopathy like takotsubo cardiomyopathy?

<p>Coronary artery spasm or microvascular spasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does left ventricular function typically recover in takotsubo cardiomyopathy when catecholamine levels normalize?

<p>Interventricular gradient resolves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key similarity between takotsubo cardiomyopathy and heart failure in terms of treatment?

<p>Treatment similarity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes a heart muscle disease that occurs alongside a multisystem disorder?

<p>Secondary cardiomyopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the accumulation of abnormal substances in secondary cardiomyopathies?

<p>Accumulation within myocytes (intracellular) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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