96 Questions
Which chamber of the heart receives unoxygenated blood from the cranial and caudal vena cava?
Right atrium
Which valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
Which chamber of the heart pumps unoxygenated blood into the low-pressure pulmonary circulation?
Right ventricle
What represents the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves at the beginning of ventricular systole?
S1 Lub
Which chamber of the heart receives and holds oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins?
Left atrium
Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?
Mitral valve
Which chamber of the heart is the largest and pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?
Left ventricle
What Indicates closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular diastole?
S2 Dub
Which vessel is the largest artery in the body?
Aorta
A dogs heart extends from
3rd and 6th intercostal space
Which of the following is true about the Sinoatrial Node (SA node)?
It generates electrical impulses that trigger the beating of the heart
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
What is the function of the coronary arteries?
To supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium
What is the main function of arterioles?
To control the diameter of capillaries
How are veins constructed compared to arteries?
Both A and B
What is the difference in pressure between venous blood and arterial blood?
Venous blood is under lower pressure
What is the function of capillaries?
To exchange blood and tissues
What is the function of the cranial vena cava?
Both A and B
Which blood vessels supply blood to the head and neck?
Common carotids
Where is the saphenous vein located in a dog?
Lateral aspect of the hind limb
What is the function of the middle layer in the aorta and pulmonary arteries?
To stretch slightly as they receive high-pressure blood from the ventricles
Blood in the _______ __________ is under higher pressure than blood in the ________ or _________ _______
Systemic Circulation, than Pulmonary or Coronary Circulation
Which blood vessels have thinner walls compared to arteries?
Veins
The feline heart extends from
the 3rd to 4th and to the 6th to 7th ribs
Blood flows through arterioles into:
Tiny, thin walled capillaries
Which blood vessels have no muscle layer in their walls?
Capillaries
Which blood vessels merge to form veins?
Venules
Which major blood vessels supply blood to the head and neck?
Carotid arteries
Which major blood vessels supply blood to the forelimbs?
Subclavian arteries
Which major blood vessels supply blood to the hind limb?
External iliac arteries
The heart is almost completely surrounded by the lungs. T or F
True
Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?
Left atrioventricular valve
What vessel delivers unoxygenated blood from the right atrium to the lungs
Pulmonary artery
Identify the correct statement regarding the canine heart
Has long axis, lays at 45 degree angle to the sternum
Identify the correct statement regarding the feline heart
The angle of the heart in the thoracic cavity is more acute
The base of the heart is directed
Craniodorsally
The apex of the heart lies
To the left of the midline of the diaphragm and sternum
The heart lies within the thoracic cavity, within the ....
Mediastinum
The shape of the heart is
Ovoid
The layer between the fibrous and serous layer is called the
Pericardial cavity
Which vessel holds deoxygenated blood until it is pumped to the right ventricle
Right atrium
During diastole the _____ valve open
Mitral valve
The AV/Tricuspid valve consists of
Three leaflets, papillary muscles
Vessels associated with the right ventricle
Pulmonary Artery
What connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta
Both A and B
How many leaflets does the left AV valve have
2
What valve opens during diastole
Left AV valve (Mitral/biscuspic)
Most common cause of congested heart failure in dogs
Malfunction of the Left AV/mitral valve
What vessel is the loudest on the left side of the chest
Mitral Valve
What vessel is best heard on the right side
Tricuspid valve
What chamber is 2-3 times thicker than its counterpart
Left ventricle
Which chamber is considered the pumping chamber and it is conical in shape
Left Ventricle
The largest veins have
A small amount of smooth muscle
Blood in the systemic circulation encounters
More resistance to flow
Which vessels consist of many elastic fibers and aid in propelling
Aorta and pulmonary arteries
Second most common congenital heart defect problem
Aortic stenosis
The three segments of the aorta
Ascending, Aortic, Descending
The aorta artery wall layers are similar to
The walls of the heart
The largest artery in the body, thickest vessel walls
Aorta
What vessel branch off the aorta and travel toward the thoracic limbs
Subclavian arteries
What structure arches dorsally and then travels caudally
Main trunk of the aorta
Numerous branches emerge in the
Thoracic and lumbar areas
Which vessel supplies blood to the pelvic viscera?
Internal iliac artery
___________ continue to split into smaller and smaller vessels and then arterioles
Smaller arteries
The _______________ connect venules which form larger veins which take the blood back to the heart
Capillary beds
Which major blood vessels supply blood to the right forelimb?
Right Subclavian artery
The walls of most blood vessels contain
Smooth muscle
Constriction and relaxation allows the vascular system to:
Direct blood to different regions of the body under different circumstances
Structure on craniomedial aspect of forelimb
Cephalic vein
Structure located on the medial aspect of hindlimb
Femoral vein
Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?
Left atrioventricular valve
Care must be taken to avoid accidental injection into the __________
Carotid arteries
What vessel collects blood from the pelvic viscera, hindlimbs and abdominal organs from the various veins that run alongside the arteries and deposits blood into the right atrium
Caudal vena cava
The layers of the pericardium are
Fibrous and serous
Ligament related to the fibrous pericardium layer
Sternopericardiac ligament
Innermost pericardiac layer
Serous pericardium
What vessel accepts blood pumped to the heart
Right and left atria
What pumps blood away from the heart
Right and left ventricles
Heart is divided into left and right halves by the
Interatrial and interventricular septum
What are the 3 types of vessels
Artery, veins, aorta
The vena cava is associated with?
The right atrium
What vessel is associated with the right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
How many chambers does the heart have
4
Identify the four chambers of the heart
Right and left atria, right and left ventricles
Identify the upper chambers
Right and left atria
Identify the lower chambers
Right and left ventricles
Which blood vessels supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium?
Arteries
I am a blood vessel that drains into the right atrium
Both A and B
I am a valve comprising two cusps, my other name is mrital
Left AV valve
I am the structure separating the left and right sides of the heart, in the fetus I am incomplete
Both A and B
I am the chamber that blood leaves as it enters the aorta
Left ventricle
Which chamber of the heart receives unoxygenated blood from the cranial and caudal vena cava?
Right atrium
I am the vessel taking the blood to the lungs for oxygenation
Pulmonary artery
I am the fetal blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation
Ductus arteriosus
I make up the outer layer of the myocardium
Epicardium
I am the pressure wave within an artery caused by contraction of the heart
Pulse
Test your knowledge of the cardiac system anatomy with this informative quiz. Learn about the heart chambers, valves, coverings, and major blood vessels associated with the heart. Understand the flow of blood through the heart. Perfect for veterinary technicians and anyone interested in the cardiovascular system. Happy Vet Tech Week!
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