Cardiac Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does a heart murmur indicate during a heartbeat?

  • Turbulent blood flow within the heart (correct)
  • Reduced blood volume
  • Strained heart valve closure
  • Normal blood flow within the heart
  • Which heart sound corresponds to the closure of the AV valves?

  • S3
  • S4
  • S2
  • S1 (correct)
  • Which factor increases cardiac output (CO) by affecting both heart rate and stroke volume?

  • Arterial stiffening
  • Sympathetic stimulation (correct)
  • Parasympathetic stimulation
  • Increased blood viscosity
  • How is the second heart sound (S2) generated?

    <p>Closure of the semilunar valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the formula for cardiac output (CO) represent?

    <p>CO = HR * SV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the first heart sound (S1) occur?

    <p>At the start of ventricular contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines how cardiac output is affected by parasympathetic stimulation?

    <p>Decreases heart rate and contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does the heart sound S1 precede?

    <p>Ventricular contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does the majority of blood enter the ventricles?

    <p>Passive filling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the End-Diastolic Volume (EDV) in resting adults approximately?

    <p>130 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the closure of the AV valves during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Rising ventricular pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much blood is typically ejected from each ventricle during ventricular systole?

    <p>70-80 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during ventricular systole?

    <p>Pressure builds in the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the closing of the semilunar valves?

    <p>Backflow of blood into the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is referred to as the end-systolic volume (ESV)?

    <p>The volume of blood remaining in the ventricles after ejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding atrial systole?

    <p>It contributes less than 50% of the ventricular filling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by an ineffective pumping of blood by the right side of the heart?

    <p>Right congestive heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increased preload affect cardiac output?

    <p>It increases stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically observed in patients with left congestive heart failure?

    <p>Pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to cardiac output during ventricular fibrillation?

    <p>It decreases to near zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does tachycardia have on the heart's ability to fill with blood?

    <p>Reduces filling time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increased afterload affect stroke volume?

    <p>It decreases stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological role do calcium ions play in the heart muscle contraction?

    <p>They enhance contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of edema is most commonly associated with right congestive heart failure?

    <p>Peripheral edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on heart sounds and cardiac output with this engaging quiz. Explore the relationships between heart murmurs, AV valves, and the factors influencing cardiac output. Ideal for students studying cardiology or related medical fields.

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