Cardiac Output Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following medications increases the force of myocardial contraction?

  • Isoproterenol
  • Dobutamine (correct)
  • Propranolol
  • Atropine
  • Which of the following medications decreases the heart rate?

  • Atenolol (correct)
  • Epinephrine
  • Dopamine
  • Isuprel
  • Which of the following medications blocks the effects of stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?

  • Digoxin
  • Dopamine
  • Propranolol (correct)
  • Epinephrine
  • Which of the following is a normal range for BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) levels?

    <p>50-100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones tells the kidneys to decrease renin and aldosterone production when blood pressure is too high?

    <p>BNP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as CAD, CVA, and PVD?

    <p>Homocysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication lowers both preload and afterload by blocking peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)?

    <p>Procardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I)?

    <p>They have a high affinity for ACE and bind to Angiotensin II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is needed for blood coagulability, neuromuscular activity, and regulation of cardiac contraction and relaxation?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major role of Magnesium in the body?

    <p>Muscular contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common sign/symptom of deviations from normal cardiac output?

    <p>Reduced urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a positive inotrope have on the heart?

    <p>Increases contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a negative inotrope?

    <p>Beta blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is a positive chronotrope?

    <p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication blocks the effects of stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Beta blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication decreases the heart rate?

    <p>Beta blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of beta adrenergic blockers?

    <p>Decreased contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of calcium channel blockers?

    <p>Increased compliance of great vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications blocks movement of Ca+ into cardiac and smooth muscle cells?

    <p>Calcium channel blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common sign/symptom of cardiogenic shock?

    <p>Peripheral cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is known to cause ACE-I induced cough in up to 20% of patients?

    <p>ACE Inhibitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used for rate control in patients with heart failure?

    <p>Lanoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is needed for absorption of calcium and maintenance of potassium stores?

    <p>Magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance increases the risk for atrial or ventricular tachycardias?

    <p>Hypomagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance can lead to prolonged PR interval and QRS complex and high T wave?

    <p>Hypocalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance can cause tachycardia that transitions to bradycardia and depresses contractility and excitability of the myocardium?

    <p>Hypermagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test measures the extrinsic pathway activity and is used to monitor the level of anticoagulation with warfarin (Coumadin)?

    <p>PT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test measures the activity of the intrinsic pathway and is used to assess the effects of unfractionated heparin?

    <p>PTT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test is used to monitor the level of anticoagulation with warfarin (Coumadin)?

    <p>INR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lab test is routinely performed before invasive procedures such as cardiac catheterization and cardiac surgery?

    <p>D-dimer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a normal range for aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time)?

    <p>20-39 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the role of HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)?

    <p>Removes excess cholesterol from arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) indicate when its level is 100?

    <p>Suggestive of heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones increases afterload and peripheral artery resistance?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of C-Reactive Protein?

    <p>Indicates systemic inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Homocysteine linked to in terms of cardiovascular diseases?

    <p>Development of atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a high level of Homocysteine (>15 mcmol/L) indicate?

    <p>Thrombus or clot formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major role of Magnesium in the body?

    <p>Maintains normal heart rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I)?

    <p>Lower both preload and afterload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications decreases the heart rate?

    <p>Beta blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

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