5- Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure Quiz

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What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

Cardiac output = stroke volume / heart rate

Cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate (correct)

Cardiac output = blood pressure x heart rate

Cardiac output = heart rate / stroke volume

Which factor refers to the stretch of cardiac muscle prior to contraction?

Cardiac output

Stroke volume

Afterload

Preload (correct)

What does afterload represent in the context of cardiac function?

The volume of blood ejected from the heart per beat

The time interval between heart contractions

The resistance against which the cardiac muscle must contract (correct)

The speed of heart rate

What is the heart rate range considered as bradycardia?

Less than 60 beats/min Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is indicated by a heart rate of 110 beats/min?

Tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mistake that can lead to false elevated high blood pressure readings?

Using a cuff or bladder that is too small Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimal palpated systolic pressure at the carotid artery?

60 systolic Signup and view all the answers

Which artery has a minimal palpated systolic pressure of 80 systolic or higher?

Radial artery Signup and view all the answers

What causes murmurs in the context of blood flow?

Turbulent blood flow Signup and view all the answers

Where is the aortic exam performed to assess the heart?

Right 2nd interspace 3cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the location for performing the pulmonic exam to evaluate the heart?

Left 2nd interspace 2cm Signup and view all the answers

Where would you perform the tricuspid exam for heart assessment?

Left lower sternal border 2cm Signup and view all the answers

Which grade of heart murmur is described as very loud and can be heard without a stethoscope?

Grade 6 Signup and view all the answers

At what grade of heart murmur is the sound moderately loud?

Grade 3 Signup and view all the answers

Which grade of heart murmur is characterized by quiet but being heard immediately?

Grade 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of murmur is most likely to be heard in a patient with mitral valve prolapse?

Systolic murmur Signup and view all the answers

Which type of murmur is characterized by the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?

Aortic regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What type of murmur is characterized by flow from a high-pressure chamber to a low-pressure chamber?

Pansystolic (holosystolic) murmur Signup and view all the answers

Which heart condition is most likely to cause a pansystolic (holosystolic) murmur?

Mitral regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What information does an echocardiogram provide about the heart?

Information about the valves, force of contraction, and motion of the heart walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of an echocardiogram?

Evaluating the structure and function of the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is considered the test of choice for heart murmurs?

Echocardiogram (echo) Signup and view all the answers

According to the committee's conclusion, which patients should receive infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures?

Patients with underlying cardiac conditions associated with the highest risk of adverse outcome from infective endocarditis Signup and view all the answers

If antibiotic prophylactic therapy for dental procedures were 100% effective, what would be the committee's conclusion about the number of cases of infective endocarditis that might be prevented?

An extremely small number of cases might be prevented Signup and view all the answers

For which of the following conditions is antibiotic prophylaxis recommended for dental procedures based on the 2007 AHA and ACC update?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following situations is antibiotic prophylaxis no longer recommended for dental procedures according to the 2007 AHA and ACC update?

none of the above Signup and view all the answers

Who is not recommended for infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures based on the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

Patients with prosthetic cardiac valves more than 6 months Signup and view all the answers

For how long after a heart repair procedure is antibiotic recommended?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would require antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures, as per the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which type of congenital heart defect is included in the category that requires antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures, as per the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

all of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would NOT be considered a risk factor for infective endocarditis?

Presence of a pacemaker Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a situation where antibiotic prophylaxis would be recommended for dental procedures, according to the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

Unrepaired cyanotic congenital CHD Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patients would not require infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures based on the type of heart defect mentioned?

A patient with repaired CHD and no residual defects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following devices is most likely to be indicated for infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures?

CNS ventriculoatrial shunt Signup and view all the answers

5- Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

Which factor refers to the stretch of cardiac muscle prior to contraction?

What does afterload represent in the context of cardiac function?

What is the heart rate range considered as bradycardia?

Which condition is indicated by a heart rate of 110 beats/min?

What is a common mistake that can lead to false elevated high blood pressure readings?

What is the minimal palpated systolic pressure at the carotid artery?

Which artery has a minimal palpated systolic pressure of 80 systolic or higher?

What causes murmurs in the context of blood flow?

Where is the aortic exam performed to assess the heart?

What is the location for performing the pulmonic exam to evaluate the heart?

Where would you perform the tricuspid exam for heart assessment?

Which grade of heart murmur is described as very loud and can be heard without a stethoscope?

At what grade of heart murmur is the sound moderately loud?

Which grade of heart murmur is characterized by quiet but being heard immediately?

Which type of murmur is most likely to be heard in a patient with mitral valve prolapse?

Which type of murmur is characterized by the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?

What type of murmur is characterized by flow from a high-pressure chamber to a low-pressure chamber?

Which heart condition is most likely to cause a pansystolic (holosystolic) murmur?

What information does an echocardiogram provide about the heart?

What is the primary focus of an echocardiogram?

Which diagnostic test is considered the test of choice for heart murmurs?

According to the committee's conclusion, which patients should receive infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures?

If antibiotic prophylactic therapy for dental procedures were 100% effective, what would be the committee's conclusion about the number of cases of infective endocarditis that might be prevented?

For which of the following conditions is antibiotic prophylaxis recommended for dental procedures based on the 2007 AHA and ACC update?

In which of the following situations is antibiotic prophylaxis no longer recommended for dental procedures according to the 2007 AHA and ACC update?

Who is not recommended for infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures based on the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

For how long after a heart repair procedure is antibiotic recommended?

Which of the following conditions would require antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures, as per the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

Which type of congenital heart defect is included in the category that requires antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures, as per the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

Which of the following would NOT be considered a risk factor for infective endocarditis?

Which of the following is a situation where antibiotic prophylaxis would be recommended for dental procedures, according to the 2017 AHA and ACC update?

Which of the following patients would not require infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures based on the type of heart defect mentioned?

Which of the following devices is most likely to be indicated for infective endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures?

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