Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Cardiac Output

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Questions and Answers

What represents the driving force that moves blood through the circulation and perfuses tissues?

  • Pulse pressure
  • Peripheral resistance
  • Cardiac output
  • Blood pressure (correct)

Which term refers to the maximum pressure exerted in the arteries when blood is ejected into them during systole?

  • Diastolic blood pressure
  • Pulse pressure
  • Systolic blood pressure (correct)
  • Capillary fluid shift

What is the range for diastolic blood pressure?

  • 60-90 mm Hg (correct)
  • 100-140 mm Hg
  • 120/80 mm Hg
  • 40 mmHg

Which component of blood pressure correlates to the volume of blood ejected during a contraction of the left ventricle of the heart to the aorta?

<p>Pulse pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in stroke volume affect blood pressure?

<p>Raises mainly the systolic blood pressure with no significant change in diastolic pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an increase in heart rate have on blood pressure?

<p>Raises mainly the diastolic blood pressure due to shortening of the diastolic period (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines peripheral resistance in the systemic circulation?

<p>Blood viscosity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is arterial blood pressure affected by changes in arteriolar diameter?

<p>It can be modified by adjusting arteriolar diameter because blood viscosity and vessel length are normally kept constant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain arterial pressure quite constant?

<p>To prevent underperfusion of the brain leading to fainting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a sustained rise in arterial blood pressure (hypertension)?

<p>Leads to pathological changes in blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates reflex responses to adjust cardiac output and total peripheral resistance when arterial pressure varies from normal?

<p>Autonomic nerves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the arterial baroreceptor reflexes located?

<p>In the aortic arch and carotid sinuses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to arterial blood pressure in response to a decrease in systemic arterial pressure according to the buffer nerves?

<p>Rises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do atrial stretch receptor reflexes respond to an increase in arterial blood pressure?

<p>By distention of the atrial stretch receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do arterioles play in response to a rise in arterial pressure?

<p>Dilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do autonomic nerves contribute to adjustments in cardiac output and total peripheral resistance?

<p>By changing nerve activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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