16 Questions
What represents the driving force that moves blood through the circulation and perfuses tissues?
Blood pressure
Which term refers to the maximum pressure exerted in the arteries when blood is ejected into them during systole?
Systolic blood pressure
What is the range for diastolic blood pressure?
60-90 mm Hg
Which component of blood pressure correlates to the volume of blood ejected during a contraction of the left ventricle of the heart to the aorta?
Pulse pressure
How does an increase in stroke volume affect blood pressure?
Raises mainly the systolic blood pressure with no significant change in diastolic pressure
What effect does an increase in heart rate have on blood pressure?
Raises mainly the diastolic blood pressure due to shortening of the diastolic period
What is the main factor that determines peripheral resistance in the systemic circulation?
Blood viscosity
How is arterial blood pressure affected by changes in arteriolar diameter?
It can be modified by adjusting arteriolar diameter because blood viscosity and vessel length are normally kept constant
Why is it important to maintain arterial pressure quite constant?
To prevent underperfusion of the brain leading to fainting
What is the consequence of a sustained rise in arterial blood pressure (hypertension)?
Leads to pathological changes in blood vessels
What initiates reflex responses to adjust cardiac output and total peripheral resistance when arterial pressure varies from normal?
Autonomic nerves
Where are the arterial baroreceptor reflexes located?
In the aortic arch and carotid sinuses
What happens to arterial blood pressure in response to a decrease in systemic arterial pressure according to the buffer nerves?
Rises
How do atrial stretch receptor reflexes respond to an increase in arterial blood pressure?
By distention of the atrial stretch receptors
What role do arterioles play in response to a rise in arterial pressure?
Dilation
How do autonomic nerves contribute to adjustments in cardiac output and total peripheral resistance?
By changing nerve activity
Learn about the relationship between blood pressure and cardiac output, and how changes in stroke volume and heart rate can affect systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Understand how blood pressure can be regulated through changes in cardiac output or peripheral resistance.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
