Cardiac Myopathies Overview

A condition causing thickening of the heart muscle that obstructs blood flow.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.

The murmur of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is heard at the left sternal border and can radiate.

In Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy, the murmur becomes softer with increased preload.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy causes Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.

Family history of syncope or exertion increases risk for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy primarily involves diastolic dysfunction.

The murmur associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy radiates to the carotids.

Increased preload causes the murmur of HOCM to become softer.

Decreased preload causes the murmur of HOCM to become louder.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy leads to Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.

El murmure associat a la miocardiopatia hipertròfica és audible al marge esternal esquerre.

En la miocardiopatia hipertròfica, el murmure es suavitza amb un increment del preload.

Si hi ha una disminució del preload, el murmure de HCM s'intensifica.

La miocardiopatia hipertròfica obstructiva implica principalment disfunció diastòlica.

Història familiar de síncope o exercici pot augmentar el risc de miocardiopatia hipertròfica obstructiva.

Miocardiopatia hipertròfica, un augment del múscul cardíac.

Pèrdua temporal de consciència, sovint relacionada amb HCM.

Dificultat per omplir el ventricle de sang durant la diàstole.

Història familiar pot augmentar el risc de desenvolupar HCM.

Condició que causa un augment del múscul cardíac, dificultant el flux sanguini.

Presència de casos familiars que augmenta la possibilitat de desenvolupar miocardiopatia hipertròfica obstructiva.

En HCM, l'augment del preload fa que el murmuri es suavitzi, mentre que la seva disminució el fa més fort.

Hyn yw'r broses lle mae'r galon yn platio a gollwng gwaed.

Gwaed yn llifo i'r galon yn galw i mewn i'r atriwm.

Sain yn gynamserol sy'n gysylltiedig â cherrig neu gêrau mewn gwaith y galon.

Dysgwch bod HCM yn achosi problemau i'r cyfnod diastolaidd.

Wrth newid y pwysau, cewch fod mor boblogaidd â phroses dyfu.

Gall hanes teulu cynyddu'r risg o HCM.

Mae profil gweithgarwch yn caniatáu i'r galon wneud ei rhan.

Dificultà wrth lenwi'r llafn yn ystod diastole.

Hanesi teulu a all gynyddu'r siawns am HCM.

Mae murmur HCM yn ganlyniad i newid yn y llif gwaed.

Mae murmur HCM yn dyblu pan fydd preload yn codi.

Mae murmur HCM yn cynyddu pan fydd preload yn lleihau.

Ijbwōt in ej juon inámeto ko ṃokta in kaakōro, ṃokta in kākab.

Ailōḷḷa in kakkohkaḷḷ in kejer in heart.

Murmur ej boōd boko in kākab ej bōk in inak im ej inin karot.

Murmur eo ekwe in HCM, edobany en eñōro niōr in preload.

Ain in ḷeḷḷā ko an jab ej jekin in HOCM.

Eine Erkrankung, die zu einer Verdickung des Herzmuskels führt und den Blutfluss behindert.

Hypertrophische Kardiomyopathie wird meist autosomal dominant vererbt.

Bei Hypertrophischer Kardiomyopathie wird das Geräusch bei erhöhtem Preload leiser.

Eine familiäre Vorgeschichte von Ohnmacht oder Anstrengung erhöht das Risiko für HCM.

Schwierigkeiten, das Herz während der Entspannungsphase mit Blut zu füllen.

Das Gewicht des Geräuschs kann zu den Karotiden strahlen.

Wenn der Preload verringert wird, wird das Geräusch von HCM lauter.

Prostaglandin is used to keep the PDA open until heart transplant in Hypoplastic Left Heart syndrome.

Emergency heart transplant is needed for Hypoplastic Left Heart patients.

During systole, the ventricles of the heart contract to pump blood out.

S1 represents the first heart sound and occurs during systole when the tricuspid and mitral valves close.

S2 represents the second heart sound and occurs during diastole when ventricles are filling.

Peripheral edema is the first symptom of right heart failure.

Chronic cough in right heart failure can occur due to fluid backing up in the lungs.

Right heart failure is often related to smoking; left heart failure can be linked to alcohol consumption.

Left-sided congestive heart failure is also known as left-sided dilated cardiomyopathy.

During diastole, the ventricles fill with blood in preparation for the next contraction.

Prostaglandin keeps the PDA open until heart transplant.

Ventricles contract to pump blood out of the heart during systole.

S1 occurs when the tricuspid and mitral valves close during systole.

S2 occurs during diastole when the heart fills with blood.

Peripheral edema is the first symptom of right heart failure.

Right heart failure is often related to smoking, causing lung issues.

Left heart failure can be linked to alcohol consumption affecting heart function.

A family history of syncope increases the risk of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM).

In HOCM, the murmur gets softer with increased preload and louder with decreased preload.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy causes left ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the heart muscle).

When preload decreases in HOCM, the associated murmur becomes louder.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy primarily results in systolic dysfunction.

HOCM's murmur behaves unusually as it gets quieter with increased preload and louder with decreased preload.

A family history of syncope increases the risk of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM).

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.

In HOCM, the murmur gets quieter with increased preload.

In HOCM, the murmur becomes louder with decreased preload.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy leads to left ventricular hypertrophy.

HOCM's murmur behaves unusually as it gets softer with increased preload and louder with decreased preload.

The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood and sends it to the lungs for reoxygenation.

B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) levels are elevated in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF).

The meniscus sign on X-ray indicates fluid accumulation in CHF and is commonly seen.

Kerley lines are seen on X-ray due to lymphatic engorgement in CHF patients.

The first-line medications for treating CHF are ACE inhibitors.

Beta blockers are used as a second-line treatment for CHF.

Diuretics are the next treatment option after beta blockers for CHF management.

Last resort medications for CHF include ionotropes like Digoxin and norepinephrine.

Elevated BNP levels indicate CHF decompensation.

Fluid buildup causes characteristic X-ray signs like the meniscus sign and Kerley lines in CHF patients.

R-heart failure that occurs due to Cor Pulmonale.

Cough and hemoptysis are caused by right heart failure (Cor Pulmonale).

Distended jugular veins indicate Cor Pulmonale.

Reflux caused by Cor Pulmonale that leads to liver congestion.

Liver enlargement associated with right heart failure.

Fluid buildup in legs indicative of R-Cor Pulmonale.

Right heart failure decreases right ventricular output.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the most common cause.

B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) levels are elevated in Cor Pulmonale.

A heart condition primarily causing diastolic dysfunction due to rigid ventricles.

Common symptoms include syncope (fainting) and angina (chest pain).

In this condition, the ventricles become rigid instead of floppy, affecting filling.

Conditions like radiation, scleroderma, and sarcoidosis lead to scarring of heart tissue.

Jugular distention occurs with inspiration, indicating increased pressure due to heart filling issues.

Restrictive cardiomyopathy primarily involves issues during diastole, when the heart fills with blood.

Chest pain or discomfort due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, often related to heart conditions.

Damage to heart tissue caused by conditions like radiation, scleroderma, and sarcoidosis.

The right side of the heart is made up of the right atrium and right ventricle.

In right heart failure, the right atrium gets backed up first because the right ventricle is too weak.

Antiarrhythmics like Amiodarone and Disopyramide are prescribed to prevent VTach/VFib/Asystole in patients with HOCM.

Deoxygenated blood is received by the right heart from the body and sent to the lungs for oxygenation.

The right atrium is the first chamber to get overloaded with blood in right heart failure.

The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary valve and then to the lungs.

Symptoms of right heart failure may include peripheral edema and chronic cough due to fluid buildup.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) leads to obstruction in left ventricular outflow.

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy primarily results in diastolic dysfunction.

HOCM can cause ventricular arrhythmias, which are abnormal heart rhythms.

An EKG is used to diagnose electrical dysfunctions of HOCM.

An echocardiogram diagnoses physical deformities caused by HOCM.

Beta blockers are prescribed in HOCM to increase preload.

Pulses that are difficult to feel, associated with Restrictive Cardiomyopathy.

Fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity is often present.

Swelling that leaves a pit when pressed, often found in legs in Restrictive Cardiomyopathy.

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy is the least frequent type of cardiomyopathy.

An electrocardiogram finding common in Restrictive Cardiomyopathy, indicating low heart muscle activity.

Atrial fibrillation is commonly seen with this condition.

Echocardiogram is the only definitive test for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy.

Echocardiograms usually show a non-dilating myocardium in Restrictive Cardiomyopathy.