13 Questions
What type of sound is a murmur most commonly described as?
Swooshing
When classifying murmurs, which group is related to overflows such as anemia or pregnancy?
Physiologic
What distinguishes a systolic murmur from a diastolic murmur?
Time of occurrence in the heart cycle
In grading murmurs, what does Grade 4 signify?
Loud, with palpable thrill
Which characteristic is used to describe the area where a murmur is best heard?
Location
What grade of murmur is very loud and may be heard with the stethoscope entirely off the chest?
Grade 5
Which type of murmur is caused by tangible cardiac disorders like valvular lesions?
Pathologic
'Very faint, heard only after listener has 'tuned in'” describes which grade of murmur?
Grade 1
Which area on the chest wall corresponds to the pulmonic area?
Second intercostal space to the left of the sternum
Which technique is used to estimate heart borders and configuration?
Heart palpation
What valve closure creates the first heart sound (S1)?
Mitral and tricuspid valves closure
In cardiac enlargement, what can cause increased ventricular volume?
Heart failure
Which area of the chest wall is associated with the second heart sound (S2)?
Second intercostal space to the right of the sternum
Learn about the proper positions and techniques for conducting a cardiac examination, including supine position with head elevation, left lateral decubitus, and sitting/leaning forward. Understand the significance of venous pulse, blood pressure measurements, and radio-femoral delay in diagnosing conditions like co-arctation of the aorta.
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